Page 23 - General Knowledge

GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 2019

 The six Chheda-sutras
 The four Mulasutras
Jain councils History
rd
 First Council: At the beginning of 3 century BC, it was held at Pataliputra by
Sthulabhadra. It resulted in the compilation of 12 Angas to replace 14 Purvas.
th
 Second Council: In the 5 century AD, it was held at Vallabhi (Gujarat) by
Devridhihgani. It resulted in the compilation of 12 Angas and 12 Upangas.
Followers of Jainism
 The Digambaras (sky-clad or naked)
 The Svetambaras (White-clad)
BUDDHISM
th
 Originated in the 6 century BC.
 Founded by Gautama Buddha.
Buddha History
 Buddha, also known as Siddhartha, Sakyamuni and Tathagata.
 He was born in 563 BC, on the Vaishakha Poornima day at Lumbini, near Kapilavastu in
Nepal.
 His father Suddhodana, the Saka ruler.
 His mother Mahamaya of Kosala dynasty, died on the seventh day of his birth. So he
was taken care of by stepmother Gautami.
 His wife Yoshodhara and his son named Rahula.
 At the age of 29, he left his palace and attained Nirvana and Bodh Gaya at the age of 35.
 In Sarnath, he delivered his first sermon.
 In 483 BC, at Kusinara he attained Mahaparinirvana at the age of 80.
Buddhist Councils
 First Council: Held in 483 BC at Sattapanni cave near Rajagriha. Divided into two
Pitakas as Sutta Pitaka and Vinaya Pitaka.
 Second Council: In 383 BC, held at Vaisali under Sabakami (king was Kalasoka).
Followers divided into Sthavirmadins and Mahasanghikas.
 Third Council: In 250 BC, at Pataliputra by Mogaliputta Tissa (king was Ashoka). Third
part of the Tripitaka was coded in the Pali language.
 Fourth Council: IN 72 AD, at Kashmir (kundalvan) under Vasumitra (king was
Kanishka). Buddhism divided into two sects as Mahayana and Hinayana.
Buddhist literature

 Tripitakas (Three hold basket) – Buddhist scriptures in Pali language.
 Vinaya Pitaka: Rules of Discipline in Buddhist monasteries.
 Sutta Pitaka: Largest collection of Buddha‘s sermons.
 Abhidhamma Pitaka: Explains the philosophical teachings of Buddhist religion.
Types of Buddhism
 Mahayana: Followers believed in heavenliness of Buddha. They believed in idol worship.
 Hinayana: Followers believed in the original teachings of Buddha. They did not believe in
idol worship.
 Vajrayana: Followers believed the salvation attained by the magical power, which they
called Vajra. Popular in Eastern India, particularly Bihar and Bengal.

19 | P a g e shop.ssbcrack.com