Page 18 - General Knowledge

GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 2019

 These scripts are found on various seals, pottery, copper tablets, tools etc.
Important Discoveries

Site Discovered by Year

Harappa Dayaram Sahni 1921

Mohenjodaro R. D. Banerjee 1922

Sutkagendor R. L. Staine 1927

Chanhudaro N. G. Majumdar 1931

Rangpur M. Vats 1953
Kalibangan A. Ghosh 1953

Ropar Y. D. Sharma 1955-56

Lothal S. R. Rao 1957

Surkotada I. Joshi 1972-75
Banawali R. S. Bisht 1973-74

Decline of the Indus Valley Civilization
 After 700 years, the Harappan cities began to decline.
 Reason: A shift in the course of the river and natural disasters such as drought, floods,
etc or long-term climate change.
 Some scientists also believe that the war with the Aryan civilization can also be a cause
of their decline.
ARYAN AND VEDIC AGE
(1500 BC – 1000BC)

 Vedic Age is the period of the Aryans in India. The word ARYAN literally means of high
birth.
 During the early part of the Vedic period, the Indo-Aryans settled on the Indo-Gangetic
Plains.
 The word ‗Veda‘ is derived from ‗Vid‘ which means mantra, slokas and also knowledge.
 Vedic Age is divided into the Early Vedic Period and Later Vedic Period.

Early Vedic Period (1500 BC – 1000 BC)
 The People of the early Vedic period lived in Sapta Sindva which means land of seven
rivers.
 The seven rivers are Jhelum, Ravi, Chenab, Beas and Sutlej along with the Indus and
Saraswati.
Economy
 Aryans followed a mixed economy consisting of both plough based agriculture and
pastoralism.

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