Page 67 - General Knowledge

GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 2019

Sargeant plan of Education (1944)
 Established elementary and high schools.
 Compulsory education for all children under the ages of 6 to 11.
 Academic and Technical, Vocational are two types in high schools.
 Abolished Intermediate courses.

SOCIAL AND CULTURAL UPRISINGS
Brahmo Samaj Movement
 Founder – Raja Ram Mohan Roy in 1828.
 Established Atmiya Sabha in 1814.
 Sati Pratha, Casteism and advocated widow marriage were criticized.
 Established Vedanta college both in western and Indian and physical sciences also
offered.
 He was a Linguist. Lots of languages known, including Sanskrit, Persian, Arabic, English,
French, Latin, Greek and Hebrew.
 Opposed Sanskrit system of education.
 Important leaders- Devendranath Tagore and Keshab Chandra Sen.
 In 1865, Tagore dismissed Keshab.
 Keshab started Sangat Sabha, Prarthana Samaj and Brahmo Samaj of India.
 Founder of Prarthana Sabha – Justice M.G. Ranade.
 Precepts of Jesus – Book written by Raja Ram Mohan Roy.
Arya Samaj
 Founder – Swami Dayanand Saraswati in 1875.
 Sayings – ‗Go back to Vedas‘ and ‗India for the Indians‘.
 His book ‗Satyarth Prakash‘ is a commentary on Veda and he also wrote Veda Bhashya
Bhumika and Veda Bhashya.
 A large number of educational institutions were established. E.g. Gurukulas, DAV school
etc.
 Started Suddhi Movement – to convert non-Hindus to Hinduism.
 He is known as Luther of Hinduism.
 In 1866, started Dayanand Anglo Vedic College.
 Started newspaper, ‗Aryaprakash‘.
Ramakrishna Mission
 Shri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa (1834 – 1886), born in village Kumarpukur in the
Hoogly village of Bengal.
 His early name ‗Shuddirama Gadhadhar Chatterjee‘.
 Vivekananda (1861 – 1903) was the most famous disciple of Ramakrishna.
 Founder of Ramakrishna Mission – Swami Vivekananda (Narendra Dutta as his earlier
name) in 1897.
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 Attended Parliament of Religions in Chicago on 11 September, 1893.
 In 1900, he was invited to the Congress.
 In 1899, the mission was shifted to Belur.
 Started two papers as - Prabudha Barat in English and Udbodhana.
 Also called as ‗Patriot Saint of India‘ and ‗Cyclonic Hindu‘.
 In 1898, Sister Nivedita, an Irish lady was initiated to Brahmacharya by Vivekananda.

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