Page 18 - Microsoft Word - مذكرة القواعد للمرحلة الثانوية

It + v. to be + pp لوFا
ا ! + that +
6< ا PA

-1 X ا
6< ا
, ' + v. to be + pp + to +
6< ا P' P1 X ا
ا ر.9
(
6 ا و عر 6 ا P')
-1 X ا
6< ا
, ' + v. to be + pp + to + have + pp (P1 X ا
ا ! )
( ا زGا و PH 6 ا # P')

Pھ 1ا.0 "ا X Gا ل 'Gا و I know / we believe
X -6"ر -_ ا _
ا ! . j ذ و
Know / believe / fear / say / think / predict / agree / hope

Active Passive
Journalists report that food prices It is reported that food prices increased by
increased by 10 % last year. 10 % last year.
Food prices are reported to have
increased by 10 % last year.
We believe that he has recovered from It is believed that he has recovered from
his illness. his illness.
He is believed to have recovered from his
illness.
We know that the accident happened at 3 It is known that the accident happened at 3
o’clock in the morning. o’clock in the morning.
The accident is known to have happened
at 3 o’clock in the morning.

Doctors say that smoking is bad for health. It is said that smoking is bad for health.
Smoking is said to be bad for health.
: ت
/12
ـ - L1 اذا أ am not / is not / aren't + p.p. م.0 1 don't / doesn't ـ -
6< ا L1 اذإ
wasn't / weren't + p.p. م.0 1 didn't

Active Passive
The police don’t allow big cars into the Big cars aren’t allowed into the city
city centre. centre.
Mr David doesn’t allow smoking in his Smoking isn’t allowed in Mr David’s
office. office.
Tom didn’t answer the exam. The exam wasn’t answered by Tom.

و م.UU, UU # PUU' و .ت.UU;و نإ never PUU إ ever لD UU 1 Nobody / No one ـUU أ.UU % UU
6< ا LUU1 اذإ

not ـ P 1 ھدD ;

Active Passive
Nobody has ever beaten me at chess. I have never been beaten at chess.

No one must ever break the law. The law must never be broken.

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