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Bringing the Concept to Life

have been set up, for example, the Commonwealth of Independent States, the
Central European Initiative (also known as the Pentagonal Initiative or the
Adriatic-Danube Initiative), the Black Sea Economic Cooperation Organiza-
tion, the Council of Baltic States, etc.

19. Ideally, from the point of view of the UN, we would like to see these
four layers integrated into a single, interactive structure, a sort of safety net
built on division of labour and mutual support. At present we already have
some elements of such integration. For example, in May 1993 a framework
agreement on cooperation was signed between the UN and the CSCE which
hopefully will considerably enhance the coordination of the activities of the
two organizations. Any crisis situation or major problem relations among
States should immediately spark a reaction by international bodies, starting
with the sub-regional organizations, and, if necessary, up to the UN Security
Council - the only multilateral body which is empowered, under Chapter VIII
of the UN Charter, to undertake enforcement action.

20. In recent years the UN has developed rather elaborate measures to deal
with peace promotion. Usually, four major tools of conflict settlement are
differentiated which could be called the “four Ps - preventive diplomacy,
peacemaking, peace-keeping and peace-building. In other words, the UN has
the "know-how" for dealing with crisis situations and it is willing to share it with
other international bodies. It should also be kept in mind that peace promotion
is inseparable from development and democracy. As the Secretary-General
emphasized in his report on the work of the Organization: "Without peace,
there can be no development and there can be no democracy. Without
development, the basis for democracy will be lacking and societies will tend to
fall into conflict. And without democracy, no sustainable development can
occur; without such development, peace cannot long be maintained.” The
joining of efforts of international organizations in all these fields should be the
major aim of multilateral diplomacy.

- III -

2l. The new concept of security and the transformation of multilateral
machinery from places for ideological confrontation into tools for dynamic
action, create the necessary conditions for meeting the challenge of our times:
to bring about changes without disrupting stability. However, realization of
these conditions demands a new type of leadership - the collective leadership of
the UN. Each country, large or small, can contribute substantially to collective

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