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5.5 Present Perfect: Past Time Clauses with Since

He has been in Japan since he graduated from college.
Main Clause Past Time Clause
We have lived here since we got married.

Main Clause Past Time Clause

1. Since can introduce a past time I’ve known Rita since I was in high school.
clause. The time clause refers to a Main Clause Past Time Clause
specific time in the past. Use the
present perfect in the main clause and
the simple past in the time clause.
2. Remember: A time clause can come She has lived in Mexico since she was 21.
first or second in a sentence. Use a Since she was 21, she has lived in Mexico.
comma when the time clause comes
at the beginning of a sentence.

5 Use the words in parentheses to complete each sentence. Use the correct form of the verb.
Add a comma when necessary.

1. (life / change / a lot / since) Life has changed a lot since the first personal
computers went on sale.

2. (since / his cell phone / break) Martin has been
without one.

3. Since Yvonne moved into her new apartment,
(we / not / speak / to her).

4. (I / not see / Alicia) since she got back from Spain.

5. (since / I get / a smartphone) I haven’t bought
any CDs.

6. (Jack / be / to Australia / twice)
since his parents moved to Sydney.

7. Since the new professor arrived,
(the students / enjoy / all of the classes).

8. Since I bought my new car,

(I / not have / any / problems / with it).

UNIT 5 LeSSON 2 133
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