Page 132 - Physiology and Pathophysiology MNU 2024-2025 نظرى

Clinical pharmacy 2024/2025 Level 2 Pharm D Physiology and Pathophysiology (MD303)
Tricuspid valve تافرشلا يثلاث Bicuspid Mitral valve تافرشلا يئانث Pulmonary valve Aortic valve
Separate right atrium from Separates left atrium from left ventricle Separate right ventricle from Separate left ventricle from Aorta
right ventricle pulmonary artery

Circulation

Pulmonary circulation Systemic circulation
Path of blood from right ventricle through the lungs The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to all organs of the body except the
and back to the heart lungs

Blood is pumped from the right ventricle into the  Blood is pumped from the left ventricle into the aorta through
pulmonary artery. the aortic valve.
* The right ventricle contract & blood is ejected through  Aorta branched into small branch ➔ then branched into
In heart the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary artery, which In heart capillaries.
carriers blood to the lungs.  In capillaries ➔ Gas exchange occurs:
i) O2, nutrients from blood go to tissue.
ii) waste product from tissue to blood

Pulmonary arteries enter the lung ➔ branched into  The blood leaving the organs contains waste products from
arterioles ➔ branched into capillaries. metabolism, such as carbon dioxide (Co2). ➔ Un Oxygenated
In Lung  Capillaries undergo gas exchange in lung "take O2, In body Blood
leave CO2" ➔So the blood is oxygenated  This venous blood is collected in veins of increasing size and
finally in the largest vein, the vena cava.

 Venous return to the right atrium via superior and inferior vena
Back to Oxygenated blood ➔ pulmonary vein ➔ left atrium cava.
In heart
heart ➔ Mitral valve ➔ left ventricle.  Blood flows from vena cava to right atrium➔ to the right
ventricle via the tricuspid valve

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