Page 170 - Physiology and Pathophysiology MNU 2024-2025 نظرى
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Clinical pharmacy 2024/2025                  Level 2 Pharm D                       Physiology and Pathophysiology (MD303)
                             vascular smooth                                        Skin                                   Coronary & Pulmonary & Cerebral
                             muscle                                                                                                     vessels
                                                         ➢  Has the greatest innervations  help in temp. regulation?
                                                                                                                                Have little sympathetic
                                                     ✓  ↑ Ambient temperature  cutaneous VD  loss of excess body
                                                                                                                                     innervations.
                                                                                     heat.
                                                                                                                              How to be controlled?????
                                                    ✓  Cold condition ➔ cutaneous VD → ……………..

                             B) Other vasoactive     Examples  Histamine & Bradykinin  ➔ released in case of inflammation (in response tissue energy &
                             hormones               trauma.)
                                                        a)  arteriolar dilation (VD).
                                                        b)   Increase filtration out of the capillaries [pressure of capillaries > interstitial fluid]➔ fluid get out  ➔
                                                            local edema.

                     Relationship between Arterial Blood Pressure (ABP) & COP & TPR



                                                                                                 Effect on Constriction of blood vessel

                                                                                                                                  ↑  V.C ➔↑   TPR ➔ ↑  BP

                                                                                                                                   V.C in arterioles:

                                                                                                                                  •  ↑ BP in arteries

                                                                                                                                  •  ↓ BP  in Capillaries
                   ➢  HR or SV or COP or TPR   ABP                                                                              •  SBP Is the highest at
                   ➢  VC & VD of arterioles affect  TPR & ABP & Blood flow                                                           Aorta
                      through capillaries.











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