Page 30 - Physiology and Pathophysiology MNU 2024-2025 نظرى

Clinical pharmacy 2024/2025 Level 2 Pharm D Physiology and Pathophysiology (MD303)

They are 2 types: muscarinic (M) & nicotinic (N)

Site Action

M M1 CNS

M2 Heart • SA node ➔↓ heart rate

• Av node ➔↓ conduction velocity

• Arterial & Ventricular ➔ ↓ force of

contraction

Ach bind to M2 ➔ activation G-proteins ➔ ↓ cAMP

M3 GI, bladder sphincter Relaxation

Wall of GI, bladder, Contraction, ↑ motility

Bronchioles Bronchoconstriction

Circular muscle of iris Contraction  Constriction of pupil

Glands ↑ lacrimal, salivary, GI and pancreatic secretion

Ach bind to M3 ➔ activation G-proteins ➔ ↑ cytoplasmic concentration of

Ca+2

N N1 Ganglia of sympathetic & Excitation

parasympathetic nerves

Adrenal Medulla Release of Epinephrine

N2 Neuromuscular junction Contraction of skeletal muscle

Ach bind to nicotinic receptor ➔ Open Na+ channel

| P a g e 14