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Clinical pharmacy 2024/2025 Level 3 Pharm D Pharmacology 1 (PO 502)

 Anemia in the elderly

➢ Occur in 20% of people ≥ 85 years.
➢ Lower doses of iron supplementation are often recommended in the elderly (e.g., 325

mg of ferrous sulfate once daily) to ↓ the incidence of gastrointestinal adverse effects

 Anemia in Pediatric Populations

treated with RBC transfusions among neonatal ICUs
Anemia of EPO may be used to treat anemia of prematurity, but it is
prematurity important to note that EPO pharmacokinetics differ depending

on the developmental age of the infant.

Therapy for Anemia children

Infants on full ➢ treated with EPO need iron supplements in doses of 6

enteral feedings mg/kg/day.
➢ with a mild microcytic anemia, the most cost-effective
treatment is a therapeutic trial of iron

➢ Fe2+ sulfate at a dose of 3 mg/kg of elemental iron once or
twice daily between meals for 4 weeks is recommended
➢ In children who respond → iron should be continued for 2 to 3
months to replace storage iron pools, along with dietary
For infants aged 9 to
12 months intervention and patient education.
➢ If the anemia recurs → Higher doses of oral iron (6 mg/kg/day

of elemental iron divided into two or three daily doses) are
administered to older children
➢ Parenteral iron therapy has a limited role and is rarely
necessary

➢ For nonresponders, a serum ferritin level can be drawn.

For the macrocytic ➢ folate can be administered in a dose of 1 to 3 mg daily.
anemias in children

vitamin B12 ➢ lifelong vitamin B12 supplementation

deficiency due to ➢ No data regarding the use of oral vitamin B12 supplementation
congenital in children are available.
pernicious anemia

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