Page 90 - pharma 1 theoretical updated MNU_Neat

Clinical pharmacy 2024/2025 Level 3 Pharm D Pharmacology 1 (PO 502)

Sodium nitroprusside Fenoldopam

peripheral dopamine-1 receptor
MOA Release NO agonist (I.V infusion)

➢ The drug has little effect outside 1) maintains or ↑renal perfusion
the vascular system, acting equally while lowering blood pressure

on arterial and venous smooth ➔ at risk of multisystem organ
failure
muscle.
2) relaxes mainly the renal (renal
 vasodilation with reflex artery, afferent and efferent

tachycardia. arterioles) and mesenteric
Action  acts on the veins ➔↓ cardiac arterial vessels, with a smaller
preload. vasodilating action on coronary
➢ capable of reducing blood pressure and cerebral arteries and on

in all patients regardless of the veins (capacitance vessels).
cause of hypertension.
 The diuretic action of
fenoldopam is mainly caused
by the increase in renal blood

flow.

used in all hypertensive
Use Used in emergencies
emergencies

few adverse effects except for those of
S/E & C/I C.I in in patients with glaucoma.
hypertension caused by overdose.

➢ intravenously (IV infusion) ➔ to
maintain its hypotensive action given as an intravenous infusion
➢ Metabolized rapidly (half-life of (D1 receptor agonist)

minutes) ➔ give cyanide ion
production.
Notes on ➢ Although cyanide toxicity is rare,
it can be effectively treated with an
kinetics
infusion of sodium thiosulfate to
produce thiocyanate, which is less

toxic and is eliminated by the
kidneys.
➢ Poisonous if given orally because
of its hydrolysis to cyanide.

➢ light sensitive (when in solution)
character ➔ it should be protected from

light. (White to brown)

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