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Clinical pharmacy 2024/2025 Level 3 Pharm D Pharmacology 1 (PO 502)

Heart Failure (HF)

Complex, progressive disorder in which heart is unable to pump
Definition
sufficient blood to meet the needs of the body.

1. Dyspnea
Symptoms 2. Fatigue
3. Fluid retention

✓ impaired ability of heart to adequately fill with and/or eject blood
✓ abnormal ↑ in blood volume and interstitial fluid (congestive HF)

Pathophysiology left HF right HF

dyspnea from pulmonary peripheral edema
congestion

Underlying causes of HF

1. Arteriosclerotic heart disease.
2. Myocardial infarction.

3. Hypertensive heart disease.
4. Valvular heart disease.
5. Dilated cardiomyopathy.

6. Congenital heart disease.
7. Anemia

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