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History & Theories of Urban planning Book

The most known theories of urban planning

1- Linear City Theory

The author of this theory is the Spanish engineer: - Arthur Surya, Matta
He suggested a longitudinal / linear city with a specific width and unspecified
length, surrounded by railways, where residential communities and factories are
established on both sides of a major transportation road, extending to long distances
and branching from this road to secondary streets with blocked ends. Houses are
built around, and extending along the main road linking cities together.

2- Industrial City Theory

Garnier's proposal was to grow other industrial cities near the existing ones to solve
the industry's negatives. The city has a chess layout that is divided by streets.
Divided into areas, each one has its own use (the industrial zone in the south, the
residential area in the north, separated by the Buffer Zone, and the main roads are
the railways as the means of linking them) and half of it is devoted to the green
areas.

3- Garden City Theory

The author of the theory of British nationality Abinzar Howard.

Howard saw the possibility of mixing the city and the village in a garden city to
get rid of the negative aspects of each. The motives for this idea were what the
industrial revolution impacted at that time on urbanization; excessive expansion
and environmental pollution. He suggested planning each city to represent an
integrated social, economic and cultural society. The residents have basic
services. And the land is public property for all residents without allocating it
to individuals. This city was called the garden city, the countryside, the healthy
life, or the city of tomorrow, the garden city.

Howard follow the radial city to provide the sun rise and ventilation in every
building to be a healthy city. Howard saw that the city should be surrounded by
a green belt to prevent urban expansion so as not to coalesce with another city.
The expansion of the city is through the establishment of another garden city
linked to it and separated from it (centered city and followed cities).

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Dr. Sherein El-Shahat