Page 144 - Community pharmcy practice E-book 2025

02/11/2025, 00:29

Non-Pharmacological Treatment
• R.I.C.E principle in acute strains/sprains: Rest, Ice (in first 24-48 h), Compression,
Elevation.
• Encourage gradual return to movement and functional activity; avoid complete
immobilisation unless advised.
• Ergonomic advice: posture, lifting techniques, correct sitting/standing, avoid prolonged
static postures.
• Exercise: strengthening, stretching, especially for chronic or recurrent pain; weight loss if
overweight. ( )
• Heat therapy (after initial acute phase) to relieve muscle tension; massage, gentle
mobilisation.
• Advice on appropriate footwear, occupational modifications, avoiding aggravating
activities.
• Pharmacist role: educate on self-care, demonstrate or provide printed/pictorial exercise
guides, encourage adherence.

Pharmacological Treatment
• OTC analgesics: NSAIDs (ibuprofen, naproxen), acetaminophen for mild-to‐moderate pain.
• Topical therapies: NSAID gels/creams, heat patches as adjuncts (depending on
jurisdiction).
• Pharmacist role: select appropriate analgesic (check contraindications, other
medications), counsel on dose, duration, and monitoring for adverse effects.
• Monitor for risk of chronicity: repeated use may mask underlying problem.
• Avoid over-reliance on opioids in minor MSK pain (outside pharmacy scope in many
countries).

Patient Counselling Tips
• Explain pain is a signal: encourage appropriate rest but early mobilisation rather than
complete inactivity (unless advised).

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