Page 6 - I reading 일부

Diagnostic Test

01 The phrase “ inherent to ” in the passage is 05 The word “ fluctuation ” in the passage is
TOEFL Reading REVIEW ? HELP BACK NEXT closest in meaning to closest in meaning to

SECTION EXIT HIDE TIME 00 : 19 : 35 (A) preferred by (A) activation
(B) inhospitable to (B) growth
Passage 1 (C) essential for (C) resistance
(D) indigenous to (D) variation
ANIMAL COMMUNICATION

1  Scientists have identified several distinct forms of communication animals use to either send or receive
information in their environments. These methods of communication inherent to various animals are genetic 02 According to paragraph 1, why have 06 According to paragraph 3, how do snakes
adaptations to specific environments, providing animals with necessary tools for survival and perpetuation animals developed distinct means of use thermal communication to locate prey?
of their species. communication?
(A) Facial organs allow them to detect a prey’s
(A) As a means of establishing territorial scent.
2  Electro-communication, the ability to produce and receive electric signals, is a method of communication
boundaries (B) Facial organs sense changes in
used by some aquatic species for courtship, and marking territorial boundaries, as well as a means of
(B) As a response to other species’ genetic temperature of surrounding environments.
aggression and defense. Several species of fish are known for possessing an electric organ that gives them
adaptations (C) Facial organs sense vibrations given off by
the ability to create electric fields and receive electric signals by the means of electro receptors located
(C) As a response to the primary need of their prey.
throughout their bodies. One of the most well-known examples is the electric eel, which is able to stun its
finding a habitat (D) Facial organs produce heat to locate prey.
predators and prey by generating electric shocks that may contain up to several hundred volts of electricity.
(D) As a means of ensuring the propagation of
their species
3  Another unique form of animal communication is referred to as thermal communication. Some species
have the ability to sense infrared radiation which allows them to detect prey even in total darkness. Although Paragraph 1 is marked with an arrow [  ]. 07 Which of the following can be inferred from
this physiological adaptation is most commonly seen in serpents such as rattlesnakes, boas and pythons, paragraph 3 about the ability to use thermal
other types of animals are also found to possess this ability including several species of beetles, vampire communication?
bats and bed bugs. In the case of snakes, heat-sensitive pit organs in their face can detect and respond to
03 The word “ their ” in the passage refers to (A) It is an ability restricted to reptile species.
the slightest thermal fluctuation in the environment, allowing them to accurately measure the distance of
(B) Animals can detect prey even if blind.
the heat source. Some snakes such as pit vipers are even known to detect potential prey at a distance of (A) electric fields
(C) Facial pit organs are necessary for reptiles
about 1 meter and use their facial pit organs for orienting and striking towards it. (B) fish
to detect heat.
(C) electric signals
(D) The possible distance to locate prey is up
4  Seismic communication refers to the ability to detect vibrations emitted in a particular environment. (D) receptors
to 1 meter.
Elephants demonstrate this ability through the strong rumbling sounds they produce, which are not only
transmitted through the air, but also through the ground. A Other elephants are able to pick up these Paragraph 3 is marked with an arrow [  ].
rumbling sounds in the ground and discern the location of elephants producing the vibrations. B Studies
04 All of the following is mentioned in
have also shown that elephants can respond to seismic vibrations created by their environment. C
paragraph 2 as a purpose of
Elephants are able to follow seismic vibrations to an area of rainfall when they search for water. D
electro-communication EXCEPT
5 Echolocation is the ability of an animal to send out sound waves which hit objects and then bounce back (A) to designate territorial limits
as vibrations to the animal. Consequently, these allow animals to identify where objects are located in their (B) to identify the location of prey
surroundings. Bats, toothed-whales and dolphins have all shown the ability to use echolocation. In the case (C) to acquire a mate
of dolphins, they produce high-frequency clicks to echolocate objects nearby. In addition to determining the (D) to attack predators
shape and size of an object, this ability allows dolphins to determine the speed, distance, direction of travel
Paragraph 2 is marked with an arrow [  ].
and even some basic facts about the internal structure of objects in the water around them. This information
is critical for dolphins to find food and navigate in dark or murky waters.

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