Page 132 - MNU microbiology theoritical 2025
P. 132
General Microbiology & Immunology (PM 401) Second level Semester 4 2024/2025
lymphoid system
Primary
Lymphoid Secondary Tonsils
organs lymphoid organs
Thymus
I. Thymus Lymph nodes Bone marrow
II. Bone Spleen Lymph nodes
marrow Tonsils Spleen
Peyer’s patches
Appendix
Appendix Lymph nodes
Adaptive immunity
The innate system is directed against any pathogen. If an invading pathogen escapes
the innate defenses, the body can launch an adaptive, or specific response against
one type of antigen.
Characteristics
➢ Specificity: Ability to distinguish pathogens
➢ Acquired: Set up after birth
➢ Immune memory: can be enhanced by the second stimulation of the same
antigen
➢ Diversity: Recognize millions of molecules
➢ Take effects after innate immune response. So, it is the third line of defense
against infection.
General Microbiology & Immunology (PM 401) theoretical handbook Page 121
