Page 623 - Mastermind: The Truth of the British Deep State Revealed

Adnan Harun Yahya

Suleiman the Magnificent, followed by other states, most notably Britain. In

the beginning, the capitulations were limited to the lifespan of the Sultans who
granted them, but with an agreement signed with France in 1740, became per-

manent. After this date, capitulations granted to the great powers, most no-
tably Britain, created severe issues in the Ottoman economy, industry, and

justice system, among others. Over time, commercial and legal privileges in-
th
creased and caused major problems in the 19 century. While in the begin-
ning, the privileges were unilateral and served the interests of the Ottoman
Empire, they later completely changed into a system where some rights of the

Ottoman Empire were entrusted to foreign states through bilateral agree-
ments.

The British deep state led the others in managing and controlling these
privileges, sometimes explicitly and sometimes behind closed doors.

The Great Interests of Great Britain

By the 1820s, Britain had completed its industrial revolution and became
unrivalled in world markets after defeating France in the Napoleonic wars.

However, during the same years, other European countries in the midst of
their own industrial revolutions were blocking British products from enter-

ing their markets with protective measures. This caused British capital to
turn to non-European countries; thus between 1820 and 1840, Britain signed

numerous free trade deals with countries in Latin America and China among
others. These deals were sometimes secured through gaining the support
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of local powers, and sometimes by use of military power. For example, when
China banned Britain from selling opium in her lands in 1839, Britain waged

war against China in return. When the British came out victorious from this
war, they forced the Chinese government to allow for extensive capitulations

through various agreements.

However, all this intense effort didn't yield the results the British deep
state was hoping for.

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In the first half of the 19 century, customs taxes in Europe rose and
British foreign trade entered a period of stagnation between 1819 and 1835. 423

This stagnation could have seriously impaired the young industry of the coun-