Page 360 - 2014 Printable Abstract Book
P. 360
radiation exposure. We obtained a representative sample of individuals, by attaching computer generated
random numbers to area codes provided by the telephone company. One person per household was
interviewed from consenting respondents. An intervening crisis was created in January 2009 when Russia
interrupted supplies of natural gas to the Ukraine. We employed scenario forecasting to circumvent these
crisis effects that could otherwise undermine the internal validity of our study. State space methods were
used to model trajectories of psycho-social anxiety reported by male and female respondents. Results of
dose reconstruction process revealed that the dose received by this population was too low to identify an
association with pathological disease or injury. From our empirical analysis, we found that the
psychological impacts of the nuclear incident stemmed from perceived risks, rather than actual exposure
to radiation directly associated with the Chornobyl nuclear accident. This research was funded by NSF HSD
grant 082 6983.
(PS7-13) PEG-encapsulated Amifostine micelles as an acute radiation syndrome protectant within long-
1
1
term radiation exposure model in Sprague-Dawley rats. Chia-Hung Chen, PhD ; Min-Liang Kuo, PhD ; Jen-
3
3
2
5
4
Ling Wang, PhD ; Wei-Chuan Liao ; Li-Ching Chang, PhD ; Leong-Perng Chan, PhD ; and Johnson Lin, PhD ,
National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei City, Taiwan ; National Cheng Kung University,
1
2
3
College of Medicine, Tainan City, Taiwan ; I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan ; Kaohsiung Medical
4
5
University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan ; and Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
Acute radiation syndrome (ARS) results from radiation exposure, such as in accidental nuclear
disasters. Safe and effective radioprotectants, mitigators, and treatment drugs must be developed for
medical countermeasures against radiation exposure. The current animal model in ARS is established
under short-term radiation exposure (5-10 min) with high dose rate (0.8-2 Gy/min) to reach 6-10 Gy
irradiation. In this study, we developed a new radiation model (low dose rate (0.004 Gy/min) within 4 h
radiation exposure to reach 10 Gy) to mimic the radiation exposure in a real nuclear disaster, and
compared the results of survival rate and complete blood cell counts with the current radiation model.
For providing long-term protection against high radiation dosage with low radiation rate is closer to reality
for emergency responders, the military, and civilians to deal with, retreat or evacuation after nuclear
disaster. Using this long-term radiation exposure model, PEG-encapsulated Amifostine micelles (57.8
mg/kg body weight (BW)) were intravenously administrated 2 h before 10-Gy radiation exposure, and
assessed for its radioprotective properties after total-body irradiation from a 60Co source. We provided
several lines of evidence to indicate the long-term protection of PEG-encapsulated Amifostine micelles:
1) a survival advantage and, 2) hematopoietic protection and accelerated recovery of white blood cells
and lymphoma cells for 30 days after radiation exposure. We also provide the safety margin of PEG-
encapsulated Amifostine micelles from the 14-day acute toxicity study in SD rats, which indicated that the
no-observed-adverse-effect level of PEG-encapsulated Amifostine micelles is a single dose up to 97.22
mg/kg BW. Taken together, this study provides a novel radioprotectant, PEG-encapsulated Amifostine
micelles, against high radiation exposure with low radiation dose rate in a prolonged period by releasing
drug slowly, and provides safety criteria information of PEG-encapsulated Amifostine micelles for human
exposure and information to establish a dosage in repeat- dose toxicity in future studies.
358 | P a g e
random numbers to area codes provided by the telephone company. One person per household was
interviewed from consenting respondents. An intervening crisis was created in January 2009 when Russia
interrupted supplies of natural gas to the Ukraine. We employed scenario forecasting to circumvent these
crisis effects that could otherwise undermine the internal validity of our study. State space methods were
used to model trajectories of psycho-social anxiety reported by male and female respondents. Results of
dose reconstruction process revealed that the dose received by this population was too low to identify an
association with pathological disease or injury. From our empirical analysis, we found that the
psychological impacts of the nuclear incident stemmed from perceived risks, rather than actual exposure
to radiation directly associated with the Chornobyl nuclear accident. This research was funded by NSF HSD
grant 082 6983.
(PS7-13) PEG-encapsulated Amifostine micelles as an acute radiation syndrome protectant within long-
1
1
term radiation exposure model in Sprague-Dawley rats. Chia-Hung Chen, PhD ; Min-Liang Kuo, PhD ; Jen-
3
3
2
5
4
Ling Wang, PhD ; Wei-Chuan Liao ; Li-Ching Chang, PhD ; Leong-Perng Chan, PhD ; and Johnson Lin, PhD ,
National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei City, Taiwan ; National Cheng Kung University,
1
2
3
College of Medicine, Tainan City, Taiwan ; I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan ; Kaohsiung Medical
4
5
University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan ; and Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
Acute radiation syndrome (ARS) results from radiation exposure, such as in accidental nuclear
disasters. Safe and effective radioprotectants, mitigators, and treatment drugs must be developed for
medical countermeasures against radiation exposure. The current animal model in ARS is established
under short-term radiation exposure (5-10 min) with high dose rate (0.8-2 Gy/min) to reach 6-10 Gy
irradiation. In this study, we developed a new radiation model (low dose rate (0.004 Gy/min) within 4 h
radiation exposure to reach 10 Gy) to mimic the radiation exposure in a real nuclear disaster, and
compared the results of survival rate and complete blood cell counts with the current radiation model.
For providing long-term protection against high radiation dosage with low radiation rate is closer to reality
for emergency responders, the military, and civilians to deal with, retreat or evacuation after nuclear
disaster. Using this long-term radiation exposure model, PEG-encapsulated Amifostine micelles (57.8
mg/kg body weight (BW)) were intravenously administrated 2 h before 10-Gy radiation exposure, and
assessed for its radioprotective properties after total-body irradiation from a 60Co source. We provided
several lines of evidence to indicate the long-term protection of PEG-encapsulated Amifostine micelles:
1) a survival advantage and, 2) hematopoietic protection and accelerated recovery of white blood cells
and lymphoma cells for 30 days after radiation exposure. We also provide the safety margin of PEG-
encapsulated Amifostine micelles from the 14-day acute toxicity study in SD rats, which indicated that the
no-observed-adverse-effect level of PEG-encapsulated Amifostine micelles is a single dose up to 97.22
mg/kg BW. Taken together, this study provides a novel radioprotectant, PEG-encapsulated Amifostine
micelles, against high radiation exposure with low radiation dose rate in a prolonged period by releasing
drug slowly, and provides safety criteria information of PEG-encapsulated Amifostine micelles for human
exposure and information to establish a dosage in repeat- dose toxicity in future studies.
358 | P a g e
