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Exhibit 2–5 managerial Decisions affected by Culture CHAPTER 2 • The Management Environment 71

Planning Organizing
The degree of risk that plans How much autonomy
should contain should be designed into
employees’ jobs
Whether plans should be
Culture developed by individuals Whether tasks should be Culture
or teams done by individuals or
The degree of environmental in teams
scanning in which The degree to which
management will engage department managers
interact with each other

Leading Controlling
The degree to which Whether to impose external
managers are concerned controls or to allow
with increasing employee employees to control their
job satisfaction own actions
Culture Culture
What leadership styles What criteria should be
are appropriate emphasized in employee
performance evaluations
Whether all disagreements—
even constructive ones— What repercussions will occur
should be eliminated from exceeding one’s budget

Source: Robbins, Stephen P., Coulter, Mary, Management, 13th Ed., © 2016, p. 86. Reprinted
and electronically reproduced by permission of Pearson Education, Inc., New York, NY.

As shown in Exhibit 2–5, a manager’s decisions are influenced by the culture in which
he or she operates. An organization’s culture, especially a strong one, influences and con-
strains the way managers plan, organize, lead, and control.

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