Page 32 - Makino,Tsutusi.DictionaryOfIntermediateJGrammar
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SPECIAL TOPICS IN INTERMEDIATE JAPANESE GRAMMAR
                (Cherry blossoms are the symbol of  Japan.  They (lit. These flowers)
                are loved by everyone.)

            Additional examples of direct anaphora can be seen in (8) and (9).
                                           25:'  C fib,
                                                     7~
                @El  ~11~8;3'%itaT&j:,  LCE%'GL%LO&&@~~O~ 9 - b 1:-  k0
                (Yamada came to see me yesterday.  This guy was one of  my class-
                mates in my high school days.)



                (I heard  Kazuhito  Yamashita  play  guitar  (lit.  Kazuhito  Yamashita's
                guitar).  This genius guitarist won three international competitions in
                Europe when he was sixteen.)

          Semi-direct anaphora
          In semi-direct anaphora, an anaphoric noun refers to part (or an element) of its
          antecedent's referent.  For example, in (lo), the yuka 'floor'  in the second sen-
          tence refers to the floor of  the apartment mentioned in the first sentence.  In
          this case, the anaphor does not require a demonstrative adjective.
                                         **     ST
                                         at=&
                                  E
            (10)  @EI sx b  'JO~I~- ~~tj:~ LLQK+,-;, f:;3'~1~\7/\"-- b
                 723 ?zo
                 (Yesterday I saw an apartment in Boston.  Although there were some
                 scratches on the floor, it was a good apartment.)

          Indirect anaphora
          In  indirect anaphora, there  is  no  explicit  antecedent.  The  referent  of  an
          anaphor is inferred from a previous  sentence(s).  For example, in  (ll), the
          gen'in  'cause'  in  the  second sentence does  not  refer  to  anything which  is
          directly mentioned in the first sentence. Rather, it refers to something which is
          inferred  from  that  sentence.  In  this  case,  the  anaphor does  not  require  a
          demonstrative adjective.

            (11)  @&+y'=i' ,,, y&P&$Jp&  j:,   gg;3'+~~&qk>~
                 (Yesterday there was a fire at an elementary school in Kobe.  The
                 police are investigating the cause now.)
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