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Figures

Fieger 1-1 Water percentages on Earth ...................................................................................1

Figure 1-2 Comparison of annual water share between Jordan and some of Jordan's
neighbors ...................................................................................................................................2
Figure 1-3 a-Global and GCC desalination plants production (Million m3/day). b-Energy
consumption in desalination plants (GWh). .............................................................................4
Figure 1-4 Environmental impact of thermal desalination ....................................................4

Figure1-5 Direct Normal Irradiation in the Middle East and North Africa. ..........................6
Figure 2.1 TDS contents of water types ................................................................................. 10

Figure 2.2 Extraction base classifications............................................................................... 10
Figure 2.3 Energy used in desalination classification ............................................................ 11

Figure 2.4 Osmosis phenomenon. ........................................................................................... 12
Figure 2.5 RO process. ............................................................................................................ 12

Figure 2.6 EDR process. ......................................................................................................... 13
Figure 2.7 single-stage MSF. ................................................................................................... 14

Figure 2.8 demister work principle ........................................................................................ 14
Figure 2.9 MED single-stage process. .................................................................................... 15

Figure 2.10 VC process .......................................................................................................... 16
Figure 2.11 example of RO plant ............................................................................................ 17

Figure 3.1. The examined module of the present project. . ................................................... 20
Flash vessels calculation: ....................................................................................................... 22

Figure 3.2 schematic diagram for RSCC ............................................................................... 27
Fig.4.1 inlet mass flow rate for the four stage ........................................................................ 29

Fig.4.2 mass flow steam………………………………………………………………...………29
Fig.4.3 inlet water temperature .............................................................................................. 30

Fig.4.3GOR……………………………………………..………………………………….……30
Fig.4.5 capacity for the original plant and modified .............................................................. 30

Fig.4.6 effect of increase the pressure of the first stage RSCC .............................................. 31
Fig.4.7 effect of increased temperature of the first stage RSCC............................................ 31

Fig 4.8 Comparison between original ,RSCC, DEV RSCC. ................................................. 33
Fig 4.9 GOR FOR original ,RSCC, DEV RSCC. ................................................................. 33

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