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m have to/had to: positive and m have to/had to: questions and short answers
negative 3A · p22 3A · p23

• We use have to/has to to say it is necessary WH- QUESTIONS
to do this: You usually have to have a degree in
question auxiliary subject have to infinitive
languages.
word
• We use don't have to/doesn't have to to say it is
PRESENT Where do I have to go?
not necessary to do this: You don't have to go to
SIMPLE What does he/she have to study?
college. When do they have to leave?
• We use had to to say it was necessary to do this in
PAST What did you have to study?
the past: I had to study a lot. SIMPLE Why did he/she have to go?
• We use didn't have to to say it wasn't necessary Who did they have to call?
to do this in the past: I didn't have to pay for it.
YES/NO QUESTIONS AND SHORT ANSWERS
PRESENT SIMPLE
Do you have to go to college? Yes, I do./No, I don't.
• We make positive sentences with:
Does he have to be fit? Yes, he does./No, he doesn't.
have to/has to + infinitive
Did she have to do any exams? Yes, she did./No, she didn't.
I/You/We/They have to do a course.
He/She has to do a course. TIPS• In Present Simple questions we can say: Do you have to ... ? or
• We make negative sentences with: Have you got to ... ?: Do you have to go?= Have you got to go?
don't/doesn't have to + infinitive • We can't use have got to in Past Simple questions: Did you have to work
I/You/We/They don't have to pay for it. last night? not /=lad you got to vKJrk last night?
He/She doesn't have to pay for it.

PAST SIMPLE m Present Continuous and Present Simple;
• We make positive sentences with: activity and state verbs 38 p25
had to + infinitive www.english0905.com
• We use the Present Continuous for things that:
I/You/He/She/We/They had to do a course. a are happening at the moment of speaking: At the moment

• We make negative sentences with: she's doing some cleaning. I'm writing to tell you how it feels
didn't have to + infinitive to be unemployed.
I/You/He/She/We/They didn't have to pay for it. b are temporary and happening around now, but maybe not at
• We also use has to/had to when the subject is it: the moment of speaking: Now she's looking for her first job.
It has to be here tomorrow. It had to stop at 11.00. I'm applying for every job I can.
• We use the Present Simple for:
TIPS • We can use have to or have got to in the
a daily routines and things we always/sometimes/never do:
present: I have to go = I've got to go. Have got to is
She goes online every day. I never get an interview.
very common in spoken British English.
b verbs that describe states (be, want, have got, think, etc.):
• We can't use have got to in the past: I had to work
She needs a real job. People think I'm too old.
last night. not I had got to ·.vork last night.
• We can't use haven't to, hasn't to or hadn't to to say Activity and state verbs
something isn't or wasn't necessary: I don't have to do • Activity verbs talk about activities and actions. We can use activity
that. not I haveR't to do that. We didn't have to pay for verbs in the Present Simple and the Present Continuous: He plays
it. not V'/e hadn't to pay for it. football every day. He's playing football now. Typical activity verbs are:

play, work, write, eat, run and do.
• State verbs talk about states, feelings and opinions. We don't usually
use state verbs in the Present Continuous (or other continuous verb
forms): I like him. not l'm /i!dng him. Learn these common state verbs.
hate ~now remember I
r be have (got) like love
l understand think agree believe want need __J

TIP• Some verbs can be both activity verbs and state verbs:
I'm having a shower. (activity); He has three children. (state).