Page 5 - UR221 Creative & Scientific Thinking_Neat

TABLE OF CONTENTS

3.7 Problem Identification and Understanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3.8 Idea Generation in Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3.9 Programming Example: Creative Problem Solving . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3.10 Creative Problem Solving in Debugging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.11 Brainstorming in Artificial Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

3.12 Decision Making in Creative Problem Solving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.13 Applications in Computing and Information Sciences . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.14 Developing Creative Problem-Solving Skills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.15 Problem Solving Techniques in Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

3.16 Nature of Problems in Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3.17 General Problem-Solving Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3.18 Problem Definition and Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3.19 Decomposition Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

3.20 Algorithmic Problem Solving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.21 Heuristic Problem Solving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
3.22 Trial and Error Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
3.23 Problem Solving Using Abstraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

3.24 Problem Solving and Debugging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.25 Problem Solving in Artificial Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
3.26 Developing Problem-Solving Skills in Students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.27 Applications in Computing and Information Sciences . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.28 Quiz (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

4 Decision Making Models and Techniques 41
4.1 Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

4.2 Decision Making Models and Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
4.3 Concept of Decision Making . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
4.4 Importance of Decision Making in Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
4.5 Decision Making Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

4.6 Rational Decision Making Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
4.7 Bounded Rationality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
4.8 Decision Making Under Uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
4.9 Decision Trees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

4.10 Decision Making in Artificial Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
4.11 Multi-Criteria Decision Making . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
4.12 Decision Making and Optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
4.13 Ethical Decision Making in Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

4.14 Developing Decision-Making Skills in Students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
4.15 Applications in Computing and Information Sciences . . . . . . . . . . . 47

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