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Clinical pharmacy PharmD program Third level Phytochemistry-1 (PG-504)

Isosorbide dinitrate : Dinita®

Hydrogenation of glucose gives sorbitol, then double dehydration of sorbitol

yields isosorbide which is the prepared as nitrate form to give: Isosorbide dinitrate

Pharmacological effects and uses:

Isosorbide dinitrate (dinitra® ), works by relaxing the blood vessels in the body,

allowing them to widen. This lets more blood flow through the blood vessels,

which reduces the work the heart has to do to pump blood

▪ So: Isosorbide dinitrate is used to: prevents symptoms of angina (chest pain)

caused by heart disease.

b) Cyclic derivatives: Inositols

▪ They are derivatives of cyclohexane.

▪ Inositols (or Cyclitols) are regarded as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6-cyclohexanehexols.

▪ Inositols exist as nine stereoisomers in chair forms with the greater number of

hydroxyl groups in equatorial position.

▪ Myo-inositol is the most widely distributed inositol and occurs in free and

combined in tissues of nearly all living species.

▪ In animals and microorganisms it usually occurs combined as phospholipids

termed phosphatidyl inositol, while in plants as hexaphosphate, (phytic acid).

▪ Other naturally occurring inositols are D-chiro-, L-chiro- and scyllo-inositol.

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