Page 89 - PG 504-theoretical notes-phyto-1-2024-2025..

Clinical pharmacy PharmD program Third level Phytochemistry-1 (PG-504)

All polysaccharides are condensation polymers, in which the

monosaccharide-units or their derivatives have been glycosidically jointed with

the elimination of water.

Characteristics:

• Polymers (MW from 200,000)

• White and amorphous products

• Not sweet

• Not reducing; do not give the typical aldose or ketose reactions)

• Form colloidal solutions or suspensions

Chemically, the polysaccharides may be classified into:

• Homopolysaccharides: (starch, cellulose, glycogen, inulin)

• Heteropolysaccharides: (gums, pectins, mucilage, acidic hemicellulose)

• Polysaccharide containing amino-sugar units

• Antibiotics containing Carbohydrates

A) Homopolysaccharides

Polysaccharides containing only monosaccharide.

1) Starch -1, 4-linked glucose & -1, 6-linked glucose.

2) Dextrins -1, 4-linked glucose & -1, 6-linked glucose.

3) Glycogen Animal starch.

4) Dextran -1, 6-polyglucan.

5) Cellulose -1, 4-linked glucose.

6) Inulin -1, 2-linked fructofuranose.

Xylans, mannans, galactans ... etc.

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