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7. See  Loehr,  Ritual  Vessels,  143, number 63.   thus  relate  to  the  arrangement  of  the  dragon's
        8. See same sources as in note 3 above.   body,  the  pattern  of  its  scales,  the  shape  and
        9. See Goedhuis, Chinese  and Japanese  Bronzes,  rhythm of its spinal barbs, and the configuration  of
       number 71.                         its claws,  rather than to its frontal  presentation.
        10. See Goedhuis, Chinese  and Japanese  Bronzes,  26. See,  for  example,  Li Yihua,  Gugong  zhencang
       number  67;  Galerie  Zacke,  compiler,  Bronzen  aus  Kang  Yong  Qian  ciqi  tulu,  329, number  10; Oriental
       der  Ming-Dynastie  (1368-1644),  Vienna:  Galerie  Art Gallery,  Oriental  Works  of Art,  number  106.
       Zacke,  1987, number  48; Xuande  yiqi  tupu,  volume  27. See Goedhuis, Chinese  and Japanese  Bronzes,
       2, juan  14, 4 recto.              number  72.
        11. See Mikami,  Ryo  Kin Gen,  217, number  229.  28. See Goedhuis, Chinese  and Japanese  Bronzes,
        12. See  Sichuansheng  wenwu  guanli  weiyuanhui,  number  72.
       Deyangxian  wenwu  guanli  suo  (Sichuan  Provincial  29. The  censer  was  integrally  cast  with  its  deco-
       Committee for Antiquities  Administration,  Deyang  ration  but  its  handles  were  separately  cast  and
       County  Division  for  Antiquities  Administration),  affixed  with  tenons  and  pins.  The  candlesticks
       compilers,  'Sichuan  Deyangxian  faxian  Songdai  were  cast  in  at  least  four  parts  -  base,  drip  tray,
       jiaocang'  (A Song-dynasty  Storage  Cellar  Discov-  column,  and  saucer-shaped  candle  mount  -  that
       ered  in Deyang County,  Sichuan  Province),  Wenwu  are  held  together  by  a  long  pin  that  extends
       (Bejing),  1984, number 7, 82-84 (84, numbers 9-10).   downward  from  the  bottom  of  the  candle  mount
        13. See  Ministry of Culture  and Information,  Sinan  through  the  other  parts;  the  flattened  end  of  the
       haejo  yumul,  126-27,  numbers  160-61;  176-78,  num-  pin  is  visible  inside  the  base.  The  vases  were
       bers  240-41.                      integrally  cast except  for their  c-form handles  and
        14. See  Shanghai  Museum  facsimile  edition  of  a  moveable  rings  and  for  their  base  plates,  all  of
       Chenghua-period  woodblock-reprint  of  Xinbian  which  were  separately  prepared  and secured  into
       shuochang  Bao  Long  tu  gongan  duanwai  wupen  place with molten  metal.
       zhuan,  not paginated, lower illustration on the front
       side  of  the  thirtieth  page,  and  Shanghai  Museum  39
       facsimile  edition  of  a  Chenghua-period  wood-
       block-reprint  of  Quanxiang  shuochang  Shiguan  1. See  Watt  and  Ford,  East  Asian  Lacquer,  108,
       Shouqi  Liu  Dusai  shangyuan  shiwu  ye  kandeng  number 43.
       zhuan,  not  paginated,  upper  illustration  on  the  2. See Valenstein, A Handbook  of Chinese  Ceramics,
       front side of the twenty-second  page.  130, number  124.
        15. See  Machida  International  Print  Museum,  3. See Watt  and Ford,  East  Asian  Lacquer,  54-55,
       Chugoku  kodai  hanga  ten,  251.  number  10;  Lee  Yu-kuan,  Oriental  Lacquer  Art,
        16. See Joint  Board  of Directors,  Blue-and-White  New  York  and  Tokyo:  Weatherhill,  1971,  134-135,
       Ware of the Ming Dynasty,  book 6,50-51, number 11.   number  68; 162, number 96.
        17. See  Brown,  Chinese  Cloisonne,  145,  number  4. See Valenstein, Ming  Porcelains,  86, number 58;
       67;  Brinker  and  Lutz,  Chinese  Cloisonne,  numbers  d'Argence,  Treasures  from  the  Shanghai  Museum,
       193-194; 250.                      172,  number  113 and  color  plate  37;  Medley,  The
        18. See  National  Palace  Museum,  Blue-and-white  Chinese  Potter,  231, figure  179;  Li Yihua,  Gugong
       Ware  of  the  Ch'ing  Dynasty,  Hong  Kong:  Cafa,  zhencang  Kang  Yong  Qian  ciqi  tulu,  241,  number
       1968, book  2, 66-67, number 23    70; 329, number  10;.
        19. See  Shanghai  Museum  facsimile  edition  of  a  5. See  Brown,  Chinese  Cloisonne,  73, number  28;
       1478  woodblock-reprint  of  Xinbian  quanxiang  Brinker and Lutz, Chinese  Cloisonne,  numbers 190-91.
       shuochang  zuben  Hua  Guan  Suo  chushen  zhuan  6. See Valenstein, A Handbook  of Chinese  Ceramics,
       deng  si zhong,  not paginated,  illustrations  on back   149,  number  144;  Mikami,  Ryo  Kin  Gen,  247,  num-
       of first page and on front  of last  page.  ber 294.
        20. See Brown,  Chinese  Cloisonne,  145.  7. See Valenstein, A Handbook  of Chinese  Ceramics,
        21. See The Oriental Art Gallery compiler,  Oriental  189,  number  185;  Hayashiya,  Trubner  and  others,
       Works  of  Art,  London:  Oriental  Art  Gallery,  1993,  Chinese  Ceramics  from  Japanese  Collections,  100,
       number  76.                        number  56;  Medley,  Illustrated  Catalogue  of  Ming
        22. William Edward Soothill, A Dictionary  of  Chinese  Polychrome  Wares,  33,  number  92  and  plate  9,
       Buddhist  Terms,  London:  Kegan  Paul,  Trench,  number 92.
       Trubner, and Company,  1937, 211.   8. A  small  boss  in the  outer  relief  line  bordering
        23. See  Lim and others,  Stories  from  China's  Past,  the  leiwen  band  around  the  central  medallion
       174, plate 68;  180, plate  70 D.   raises the  possibility  that  elements  of the  design,
        24. See Lee and Ho, Chinese Art  Under the  Mongols,  the  leiwen  band,  for  example,  might  have  been
       number  59;  Valenstein,  A  Handbook  of  Chinese  soldered into place.  Until resolved, this  suggestion
       Ceramics,  149,  number  144;  Mikami,  Ryo  Kin  Gen,  will  necessarily  remain  speculation;  such  specu-
       183, number  154; 247, number  294.  lation  is  useful,  however,  in  pointing  the  way  for
        25. The  frontal  dragon  first  appeared  in the  mid-  future research and laboratory  analysis.
       sixteenth  century;  the  Qianlong  elements  of  style
                                     T I I E  R  O  B E R T  1 1 . C L A G U E  C O L L E C T I O N  '2 4  9
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