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East); Heng, in Hunan (South); Hua, in Shaanxi  (West);  number  29; Ayers,  'Blanc-de-Chine:  Some  Reflec-
      Heng, in Hebei (North); and Song, in Henan (Center).   tions,' 23.
      For  information  on the  sacred  peaks,  see  E.T.C.  15. See  Oriental  Ceramic  Society  of  Hong  Kong,
      Werner,  A  Dictionary  of  Chinese  Mythology,  New  Arts  from  the  Scholar's  Studio,  179, number  156.
      York:  Julian  Press,  1961,  578-80  (Wu  Yo);  Kiyohiko  16. SeeTokugawa  bijutsukan (Tokugawa  Museum),
      Munakata, Sacred  Mountains  in Chinese  Art,  Urbana-  compiler,  Bunbogu  (Scholars' Desk  Materials  from
      Champaign:  Krannert  Art  Museum,  University  of  the Libraries of the Daimyo), Zohincho  4 (Collection
      Illinois, 1991.                    Catalogue 4), Nagoya:Tokugawa  bijutsukan, 1988,63,
       5. Yang  Boda,  Deputy  Director  Emeritus  of  the  number135;115, number135; vii, number135; Sydney
      Palace  Museum,  Beijing, confirmed this  interpreta-  L. Moss Ltd, The  Second  Bronze  Age,  number  29
      tion  during  his visit  to the  Clague  Collection  on 7
      June  1992. Although  Paul  Moss'  interpretation  of
      the  scone  as  an  entrance  to  a  Daoist  paradise  in  50
      the liles  of the  Immortals  might  have some  validity  1. The inscription translates:
        a  secondary  meaning,  the  primary  meaning  is  On the  auspicious  twenty-second  day  of the  sixth
      clearly that stated  in the text above. See Sydney  L.  [lunar] month of the eleventh year  of Jiajing  [1532],
      Moss,  The  Second  Bronze  Age,  number  28.  the surviving son Wang Shi, together  with the  sec-
       6. See  Sato and  Hasebe,  Zui  To,  99,  number  76;  ond son Wang Baoyou, [along with] Wang Guantian
      223, number  181.                  and  Wang  Haoxi,  dedicated  this  sculpture,  made
       7. An  unpublished,  Zhengde-period  blue-and-  in East Street, Ningling xian, Henan province, to honor
      white porcelain brushrest was given to the  Harvard  the  spirits  of  their  deceased  father  and  mother,
      University  Art  Museums  by  Mr  and  Mrs Samuel  B.  Xin, the third concubine, Weigu of the Zhu clan.
      Grimson  in  1983 (accession  number  1983.49).  For  This translation  is a revised  and  modified  ver-
      other  examples,  see Valenstein,  A  Handbook  of  sion  of that  provided  by  Professor  Ju-hsi  Chou  of
      Chinese  Ceramics,  168,  number  163;  Medley,  The  Arizona  State  University, Tempe,  in  his  letter  of 2
      Chinese  Potter,  218, figure  161.  March  1988 to  Robert  H. Clague.  I am  grateful  for
       8. See  Sothebys  London,10  December  1985,  sale  Professor Chou's  assistance.
      number  3441A,  lot  42;  Goedhuis,  Chinese  and  2. See  National  Palace  Museum,  Three  Hundred
      Japanese  Bronzes,  number  30.    Masterpieces  of  Chinese  Painting,  volume  6,  num-
       9. See  Li and Watt, The  Chinese  Scholar's  Studio,  ber  295;  Machida  International  Print  Museum,
      109, number 43. An unpublished late Ming enameled-  Chugoku  kodai  hanga  ten,  101, number 14; for infor-
      porcelain brushrest  in the form  of three  mountains  mation  on  Chinese  portraiture,  see  Richard  Ellis
      in the collection of the Harvard University Art  Muse-  Vinograd, Boundaries  of the  Self:  Chinese  Portraits,
      ums  has  dragons  striding  among  the  mountains  AD 1600-1900, Cambridge and New York:  Cambridge
      and  stylized  waves  lapping  at  their  bases  (acces-  University  Press,  1992.
      sion number 1940.278).              3. See Goedhuis, Chinese  and Japanese  Bronzes,
       10. Mowry, 'Catalogue' in Li and Watt, The  Chinese  number 1.
      Scholar's  Studio,  179, number 66.   4. See Machida International Print Museum,Chugoku
       11. The  results  of  a thermoluminescence  (TL) test   kodai  hanga ten, 90, number14; 99, number 11.
      performed  at the  Research  Laboratory  for Archae-  5. That is, separately cast  in advance and set into
      ology  and  the  History  of  Art,  Oxford  University,  the  main mold with its tenon, so that  in casting the
      on  a sample  of  casting  core  removed  from  inside  body, molten metal surrounded the neck and tenon,
      two  of  the  peaks  are  consistent  with  the  attribu-  securing  them  in  place  by  interlock  and  perhaps
      tion  proposed  here. The  test  certificate,  dated  7  by partial fusion. For information on casting-on, see
      June  1991  and  bearing  the  signature  of  Doreen  Chase, Ancient  Chinese  Bronze  Art,  28.
      Stoneham,  indicates  that  the  sample  (number
      566s2)  was  last  fired  between  four  hundred  and  51
      seven hundred years ago.
       12. Wen Zhenheng,  Zhangwu  zhi, juan  7, 201.   1. For information on Guandi, see Giles, A  Chinese
       13. Reportedly  excavated  in the  Philippines,  an  Biographical  Dictionary,  383-84 (Kuan Yu); Werner, A
      unpublished  Yuan-period  qingbai  porcelain  water  Dictionary  of  Chinese  Mythology,  227-30 (Kuan Yu).
      dropper  in  the  form  of  a  silver  ingot  with  an  2. See Oriental Ceramic Society compiler,  Chinese
      openwork  chilong  handle  is in the collection  of the   Ivories  from  the  Shang  to the  Qing,  London:  Orien-
      Harvard University Art Museums (accession number   tal Ceramic Society jointly with the British  Museum,
      1972.324).  For  a  related  handle  on  a  Yuan-period  1984,  102-03, numbers 110,112; 107, number  119,
      qingbai  porcelain cup, see Lee and Ho,  Chinese  Art  3. See Oriental Ceramic Society,  Chinese  Ivories,
      Under the Mongols,  number 110; Gyllensvard,  Chinese  105, number  116.
      Gold,  Silver  and  Porcelain,  115, number 124.   4. See Oriental Ceramic Society,  Chinese  Ivories,
       14. See  Li and Watt, The  Chinese  Scholar's  Studio,  70-71, numbers  52-53; 81, number 72; 85, number  78;
      119;  number  63;  Kerr,  Later  Chinese  Bronzes,  42,  105, number 116.


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