Page 33 - PHLEBOTOMY STUDY GUIDE

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Dermal puncture – Also known as a skin puncture; a procedure in which a finger or heel is lanced to
obtain a small quantity of blood testing; also called capillary draw

Edema – A collection of fluid under the skin
EDTA - Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; used as an anticoagulant to keep blood specimens from clotting

Empathy – Sensitivity to and identification with another person’s problems, without expressing sorrow
or sympathy
Exposure control plan – An OSHA-compliant plan that explains ways to minimize or eliminate
exposure of humans to blood-borne pathogens; in general, it should include its date of development,
scope of information, universal precautions, engineering and work practice controls, personal protective
equipment, and cover housekeeping, waste disposal, laundry, vaccinations with follow-up evaluations,
communications, training, and first aid

Fasting – Not eating or drinking (except water) for a period of time, generally at least 8 hours, and often
12 hours.

Fecal test – A collection of stool or feces to test for the presence of parasites, blood or an infection

Fibrinogen – A plasma protein that converts into fibrin to form a clot during bleeding

Glucose tolerance test (GTT) – A test performed to determine how well a patient’s body metabolizes
sugar

Hematocrit - The proportion of the blood that consists of packaged red blood cells, expressed as a
percentage by volume; the hematocrit test measures the percentage of hematocrit in the blood

Hematoma – A collection of blood underneath the skin, also known as a bruise
Hemoconcentration – Excessive accumulation of blood into an area of the body, usually caused by a
tourniquet left on too long or patient pumping their fist

Hemodialysis – A process that uses a machine to remove waste and excess fluid from the blood of patient
whose kidneys no longer perform these functions

Hemoglobin – The red, oxygen carrying protein of red blood cells

Hemolysis – Destruction of red blood cells
Hemostasis – Stopping of red blood cells

Iatrogenic anemia – A type of anemia that results from multiple phlebotomies; it is especially common
in geriatric, pediatric, or underweight patients

Infection – The invasion and proliferation of pathogens in body tissues
Isopropyl alcohol – An antiseptic agent that reduces the presence of micro-organisms on the skin

Lateral – Toward the side, away from the center of the body

Lumen – Hollow cone of the vein, best place for needle position during venipuncture
Means of transmission – How a pathogen moves to a host via direct or indirect contact with people

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