Page 56 - AgriBrasilis 1st edition.pdf

56 March 2020
September 15th to prevent the fungicides, but it has been
fungus of Asian rust to multiply disappearing from the fields.
during the end of the intake). In regions that do the sowing
At large part of the growing after November, the disease
areas there is no presence of may require intensive control.
the disease or it only happens
at the end of the soybean cycle What are the main control
due to the use of early cultivars, strategies adopted by the
sown at the beginning of the Brazilian producers against
season to make a second P. pachyrhizi? How is the
harvest in summer. fungicide market today?
In 2006, the adoption of the
At national level, how serious sanitary break began, a period
is the disease? of at least 60 days during the
The severity is lower off-season, in which the sowing
than when the disease of soybeans is prohibited and
was introduced in Brazil. the elimination of volunteer
Many farmers still have the plants/weeds is mandatory
pathological agent in the to reduce the inoculum of the
farms and its control is the fungus.
main objective of the use of One thing that reduced its
incidence was the use of early- consortium
cycle cultivars. Its adoption
enabled two harvests in the
summer, such as soybean-corn,
soybean-cotton and soybean-
beans, and as a consequence
there is the rust escaping.
The use of resistance genes
(Rpp) do not dismiss the use
of fungicides, but soybean
cultivars with resistance genes
have been made available.
One of the major problems is
Cláudia Godoy, researcher at Embrapa Soja
Cláudia Godoy博士，巴西农牧研究 院研究员
殖）。在大部分生长地区， 巴西生产商对亚洲锈病采取
没有这种病的存在，或者仅 的主要控制策略是什么？如
在大豆周期结束时才出现这 今的杀菌剂市场怎么样？
种病，这是由于使用了早期 2006年开始实行卫生休
品种，该品种在季节开始时 耕期，在淡季至少60天，禁
播种，以便在夏季进行第二 止大豆播种，强制除去自播
次收获。 植株以减少真菌的接种。
在全国范围，这种疾病有多 减少发病率其一是使用
严重？ 早期周期品种。它的采用实
其严重程度低于该病传入 现了夏季两收，如大豆-玉
时。许多农民在施用杀菌剂 米、大豆-棉花和大豆-其他
时，农田病理剂仍然是控制 豆类，因此，锈病可避病。
的主要目标，但它已经逐渐 使用抗性基因（Rpp）并
从田间消失了。在11月之后 不排除杀菌剂的使用，但具
进行播种的地区，该病可能 有抗性基因的大豆品种已经
需要加强控制。 上市。
AgriBrasilis
the resistance (less sensitivity)
of the pathogenic fungus to
fungicides from the group
of demethylation inhibitors
(IDM), external Quinone
inhibitors (IQe) and succinate
dehydrogenase inhibitors
(ISDH), these are the three
main site groups that make up
all registered fungicides in use
for the disease control.
Multisite fungicides, such as
mancozeb, chlorothalonil and
cuprics, began to be used in
soybean cultivation in 2013/14
to increase the efficiency of
site-specific fungicides and
also as an anti-resistance
strategy.
What is the fungicide testing
for disease
control in soybean crops?
What are the impacts of
collecting such database?
The testing consortium are
experiments with the same
protocol in which registered
as well as products in the
process of being registered are
being evaluated for different
biological targets in certain
producing regions.
The experiments have
主要问题之一是致病真菌
对脱甲基化抑制剂（IDM)
、外部奎酮抑制剂（IQe）
和琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂
（ISDH）组杀菌剂的抗药
性（敏感性较低），这三个
主要位群构成了用于疾病控
制的所有已登记杀菌剂。
2013/14年，多作⽤
位点的杀菌剂，如代森
锰锌(mancozeb)、百菌
清(chlorothalonil)和cu-
prics，开始用于大豆种
植，以提高现场专用杀菌剂
的效率，并作为一种抗性策
略。