Page 727 - The Encyclopedia of Taoism v1_A-L

LIU DE RE N 685

an eremitic life around Luoyang, exhibiting his austere ways to a large public.
He returned in II76 to Shandong where he founded several *Quanzhen com-
munities. Liu gained the Jin court's attention and was invited to the capital in
II97, thanks to his fame as a ritualist and/ or because the Quanzhen order had
just made an agreement with the state that ended seven years of protracted
conflict. Liu's involvement with Quanzhen institutional development, how-
ever, is not apparent from the sources, although he did have very influential
disciples, among whom *Yu Daoxian and *Song Defang are best known.
Liu's contribution to Quanzhen lies mainly in his scholarship and his theo-
retical writings that grounded Quanzhen pedagogy in the Taoist speculative
tradition. This is attested by four extant works in the Canon. Like all except
one of Wang's seven main disciples, Liu left a poetic anthology, the Xianle
ji {ilJ~~ (Anthology of Immortal Bliss; CT II41). He also wrote two com-
mentaries- a rare genre among early Quanzhen Taoists- on the *Huangting
jing and the *Yinfu jing, entitled Huangting neijing yujing zhu j( M pg ~.:E. ~~ Y±
(Commentary to the Jade Scripture of the Inner Effulgences of the Yellow
Court; CT 40I) and Yinfu jing zhu ~ f,f ~~:tt (Commentary to the Scripture of
the Hidden Accordance; CT 122). Last comes the Wuwei Qingjing Changsheng
zhenren zhizhen yulu $i~~lI-~:i.~A.3~J!f~fH~ (Recorded Sayings on the
Ultimate Reality by the Real Man of Non-Action, Clarity and Quiescence, and
Long Life; CT I058), a short dialectic treatise, which, despite its title, is not a
verbatim record of oral teachings but a list of eighty words with definitions
and antonyms relevant to Taoist philosophy. His lost works are even more
numerous, including seven anthologies and a commentary to the Daode jingo
It is then not surprising that many Quanzhen adepts of the second generation
came to Liu for instruction in the Taoist scriptural legacy.
Vincent GOOSSAERT

m Boltz J. M. 1987a, 64-65, 162- 63; Endres 1985; Hachiya Kunio 1992b; Mar-
sane 2001a, 104

* Quanzhen

Liu Deren

II22- 80; haG: Wuyou zi $i ~ T (The Troubleless Master)

Liu Deren is the founder of the *Zhen dadao order, of which he was posthu-
mously considered the first patriarch. He was born in a Shandong family that
provided him with a good education. Very early, however, Liu found himself