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B Health problems, symptoms and lrl;tdMfiM;•-----------------

treatment 90 p76
m Relative clauses with who, that, which,

health asthma an allergy hay fever flu a mi graine whose, where and when 9A · p71
problems an infection a vT rus fo.od poisoning a cold
------- • We often use relative clauses to say which person, thing,
a runny nose a blocked-up nose whe·ezy
• • • place, etc. we are talking about.
sneeze be sick throw up a sore throat / 8r;:}ut/
symptoms
a temperature / tempr;:}tJ;:}/ a cough / kof/ • In relative clauses we use:
a rash diarrho·ea a stomach ache / stAm;:}ke1k/ a who or that for people: The woman who I was sharing
a room with .... I'm the type of person that eats three
antibiotics penici llin pai nkillers
treatment meals a day.
paracetamol co·ugh medicine
b that or which for things: The food that we usually eat
contains toxins which stay in our bodies.
hay fever an illness with symptoms similar to a cold that is
caused by flowers or grass in the spring and summer . c where for places: I was taken to the guest house where
•
a virus / va1r;:}s/ a very small living thing which can cause everyone was staying.
illnesses, disease and infections. d whose for possessives: The woman whose fasting
fo.od poisoning when you eat some food that is bad and programme we were following ... .
makes you ill. e when for times: This was also when I started getting
•
a runny nose when your nose produces liquid all the time, really hungry.
usually when you have a cold .
•
a blocked-up nose when you can't breathe through your nose. TIPS• We usually use who for people (that is also correct).
wheezy when you breathe noisily and with difficulty, • We usually use that for things (which is also correct).
particularly when you have asthma or an allergy.
sneeze when you blow air down through your nose suddenly, • We don't use what in relative clauses: The food Vlhat VIC
for example when you have a cold. usuaNy eat ... . We can use what to mean 'the thing/things that':
throw up (informal) be sick, vomit. Now I'm much more careful about what I eat. (=the things that
diarrho·ea / dald'n ;:}/ when you have to go to the toilet all I eat).
the time.
a rash a group of small red spots on the skin, often caused by LEAVING OUT WHO, THAT, WHICH
allergies, that you want to scratch. • We can leave out who, that or which when it isn't the subject
•
penicillin /pen;:}SI1;:}n/ a type of antibiotic. www.english0905.com
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of the relative clause.
paracetamol / prer;:}'si:t;:}mol/ a type of painkiller.
• Compare the relative clauses in these sentences:
A I'm the type of person that eats three meals a dav
TIPS• We can say I've got a stomach ache. or I've got
In this sentence we must use that because it is the subject of
stomach ache. We can also say I've got a toothache. or I've got
the relative clause.
toothache. and I've got a headache. but not I've got headache.
B The food (that) we usually eat contains toxins.
• We can use be sick to mean 'be ill' or 'vomit/throw up'.
In American English, be sick is more common than be ill: In this sentence we can leave out that because it is the object
Sorry, I can't come to work today. I'm ill. (UK) I'm sick. (US) of the relative clause (we is the subject).
• Sneeze is a noun and a verb. When a person sneezes, we TIPS• We never leave out whose in relative clauses.
often say Bless you I. • We can usually leave out where if we add a preposition at the
end of the relative clause: That's the cafe where I met my wife.
- That's the cafe I met my wife in.

• We can only leave out when if the time reference is clear:
Monday's the day (when) I play tennis .

• •
hay fever a sore throat a temperature

That's the man who That's the house where
•
a stomach ache painkillers co·ugh medicine stole my phone! I was born .
•