Page 171 - Face2Face Inter www.english0905.com

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t A new sill-vey has /hciz/ just been /bm/
published.
2 The government has /hciz/ just published
• •
a new survey.
3 Three pe•ople have /hciv/ been /bm/
taken to hospital.
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h • • 1
4 The police have /hciv/ ta en t ree peop e
to hospital.
• h. ' • . • • have?
5 The government asn t met its targets yet.
• • b • •
6 The targets haven't een /bm/ met yet.
7 The pay offer has /hciz/ already been
/bm/ rejected.
8 The workers have /hciv/ already rej~cted
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the pay offer.
ANSWERS 1 has been rejected 2 has just
confirmed 3 has been called off 4 have found
5 have been discovered 6 has just arrived
7 has already sold 8 've/have just heard
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9 has been taken 10 has been described
INTERVIEWER Welcome back. With me
in the studio is Dr Miriam Richards,
who's a psychologist at the University of
Pennsylvania and has just published a
new report on the psychology of lying.
MIRIAM Hi there.
I Now, Dr Richards, why exactly do we lie?
M Well, put simply, we lie because we want
to control what other people think of
us, and how we see ourselves. The main
reasons we lie are to avoid arguments, to
protect ourselves from harm or danger,
to save face -you know, so that we don't
look stupid in front of other people - and
of course just to get what we want in life.
I And does everybody lie?
M Yes, I would say that everyone lies at
some time or other. And anyone who says
that they don't is obviously a liar!
I And how can we tell that someone is lying
to us?
M Well, it's often easier to look at the
person's body language than to listen to
what they're saying. For example, when
someone is lying, they'll often avoid eye
contact. However, very good liars might
make more eye contact than usual to try
and make you think they're telling the
truth.
I Really?
M Yes, and they often smile a lot too - but
they won't be real smiles, of course.
I So how can you tell if a smile is real?
M Well, a real smile uses the muscles around
the eyes, but a fake smile doesn't. So if
you can't tell if someone's really smiling,
then look at their eyes, not their mouth.
Are there any other ways you can tell if
someone is lying?
•
M Oh yes. When we tell the truth, our eyes
tend to move to the right, because the
left side of the brain, which stores facts,
controls the right side of the body.
I I see.
M Yes, and when we're lying, the right side
of the brain, which controls imagination,
makes the eyes go left.
I Hmm, that's interesting.
M Yes, and people tend to look up when
they're telling the truth, because they're
getting information from their brain.
If they start lying, they'll look down or
straight ahead. When they go back to
telling the truth, their eyes will go up
I agam.
I've also been told that people put their
hands over their mouths when they're
lying. Is that true?
M Yes, it is. People also touch their noses a
lot when they're lying, because that covers
the mouth too.
That's fascinating. And what about white
lies?
M Well, of course most people tell white lies
when they don't want to hurt people's
feelings, for example, er, saying a meal
was delicious when it was awful. But
some people can also train themselves to
become expert liars, like, er, politicians,
for example.
www.english0905.com
Dr Richards, thanks for coming in to talk
I
to us today.
M My pleasure. And I really mean that!
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1 My aunt is 40 today. (1 sr British)
2 I saw a girl walking across the park.
(1 sr American)
3 Why can't you ask your mother?
(1 sr American)
4 My brother's got a lot of cars. (1 sr British)
5 The water isn't very hot. (1 r British)
5
6 This party's better than I thought.
(1 sr American)
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ANSWERS 2 feeling 3 allergic 4 eaten
5 back 6 taking 7 symptoms 8 look
9 temperature 10 prescription
'1'·B•>9 &4s
Conversation 1
DOCTOR Hello, Mr Philips. Take a seat.
MR PHILIPS Thank you.
DR Now what seems to be the problem?
MR P I'm not feeling very well. I've got
a terrible stomach ache and I keep
throwing up.
DR Have you had any diarrhoea?
MR P No, I haven't.
DR How long have you been feeling like this?
MR P Since um late last night.
DR Do you know if you're allergic to
anything?
MR P No, not that I know of.
DR What have you eaten recently?
MR P Well, my two children cooked dinner
for my wife and me last night. It was our
wedding anniversary, you see, and they
wanted to surprise us.
DR That was a nice thought. What did you
MR P Well, I'm not sure what it was,
actually. Some sort of er seafood and
pasta dish. They spent a long time
cooking it, so you know I felt I had to eat
it. It wasn't very nice, to be honest. My
DR OK, I think you've got food poisoning.
wife hardly ate any, so I ate hers too.
The best thing to do is to rest and don't
eat anything for the next 24 hours. After
that you can eat things like bread or rice,
but no milk or cheese.
MR P Right.
DR And drink lots of water, or black tea
with a little sugar in.
MR P OK. Do I need to make another
appointment?
DR No, I'm sure you'll be fine, but come back
if you're not feeling better in two days.
MR P Thanks a lot.
DR And maybe tell your children that you
want to go to a restaurant next year.
MR P Yes, I will. Goodbye.
DR Goodbye.
Conversation 2
DOCTOR Hello, Mr Green. Please sit down.
MR GREEN Thanks. Achooo!
DR What seems to be the problem?
MR G Well, I haven't been feeling very
well recently. My chest hurts and I keep
getting really bad headaches.
DR Have you been taking anything for
them?
MR G Yes, paracetamol, but er it didn't
really help much.
DR Have you got any other symptoms?
MR G Yes, I can't stop sneezing. Achooo!
DR Yes, I can see that. And how long have
you been feeling like this?
MR G Oh, let me see, it's three days now.
DR Right, let me have a look at you. Say
"aaaah".
MRG Aaaah ...
DR That's fine, thanks. I'm just going to take
your temperature .... Yes, you've got a bit
of a temperature, but nothing serious. I
think you've got a virus. You need to stay
in bed and rest for two or three days.
MR G Do I need a ... a ...
DR A what?
MRG ACHOOO!
DR Bless you!
MR G Thanks. Do I need some antibiotics?
I'm allergic to penicillin, by the way.