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Indicatio Antigen Plant Study Key Example /
n Delivered Platform Type Findings Reference
Desensitizati Tye-Din et al.,
Rice /
Deamidate Wheat / on of gliadin- Gastroenterolog
Celiac d gliadin Barley Preclinic specific T y, 2010; studies
Disease al cells; reduced on oral gliadin
peptides (transgeni intestinal tolerance
c)
inflammation induction
Reduced IgE
levels; Takagi et al.,
suppression PNAS, 2005
Peanut Rice / Preclinic of (rice-based
Food protein / Soybean / al (mouse anaphylactic peanut);
Allergies Milk Lettuce models) response; ongoing work in
protein
increased cow’s milk
mucosal IL- proteins
10 and Tregs

Shared Design Principles

Across all these examples, the strategy is consistent:

• Low-dose, oral delivery of disease-relevant
antigens
• Protection via plant matrix, enabling survival
through digestion
• Engagement with gut-associated lymphoid tissue
(GALT)
• Induction of regulatory T cells, not immune
suppression

These therapies aim not to block the immune system—but
to teach it to recognize what not to fight.

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