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CHAPTER 2

                                                 LITERATURE REVIEWS

               2.1 Introduction
               The previous section of the study discussed the introduction of the study. Therefore, this section

               discusses the literature review of the study. Sutton (2016) argued that the purpose of literature is
               to establish a theoretical framework for the topic or subject area, to define key terms, definitions

               and terminology, to identify studies, models and case studies to support the topic. Hence this

               literature focuses on the conceptual and operational definitions of the challenges student teachers
               encounter in  teaching poetry in  English  as  a second language, research objectives  and details

               theoretical framework.

               2.2.  Explore the level of understanding and the value of poetry in English as a
               second language among language students at UNAM, main Campus.


               Poetry just like other genres of Literature shapes personality. It moulds individual human being’s

               tastes, empathy, sense of imagination and judgment (Josephine, 2013). This is to say that poetry
               develops the affective domain. Cluster (1964) highlights that poetry is a kind of communication

               which gives another kind of knowledge. He explains that poets disseminate knowledge by way of
               describing,  commenting,  and  recording  various  aspects  of  human  experience  in  a  meaningful

               sense.


               Many scholars have given poetry many different definitions. According to Juhlin (2018, p.6), the
               word stems from the Latin word poema which was taken from the Greek word poēma which means

               ‘make’. Spurr (1997, p.6) defines poetry as ‘the honey of all flowers’. This means that poetry is a
               language art that should be embraced and enjoyed (Jane, 2017).


               Teaching poetry is one of the important activities in English as a language. Studies reveal that

               poetry is considered a key element of many literature curricula around the world (Sigvardsson,
               2019).  Sugandi  and  Husnaini  (2015)  point  out  that  there  are  many  benefits  of  literature.  For

               example, teaching literature is believed to be a tool to promote cross-cultural understanding. It is
               also considered as the potential sources to explore the aspect of history, social, and culture of

               foreign language (Sugandi & Husnaini, 2015). In view of the vast benefits of poetry on language


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