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342 √«¡º≈ß“π∑“ß«‘™“°“√¢Õß»“ μ√“®“√¬å∏“π‘π∑√å °√—¬«‘‡™’¬√

„π∑“ß∂◊Õ‡Õ“‡®μπ“√¡≥å¢Õß°ÆÀ¡“¬‡ªì𠔧—≠, ‚¥¬æ‘®“√≥“®“°∫∑∫—≠≠—μ‘∑’Ë¢—¥°—π
(Òı˘)
ª√–°Õ∫°—∫∫∑∫—≠≠—μ‘Õ◊ËπÊ.

ºŸâ‡¢’¬π‡°√ß«à“À≈—°°“√μ’§«“¡°ÆÀ¡“¬Õ—ß°ƒ…¥—ß°≈à“« ®–π”¡“ª√—∫‡¢â“°—∫
°“√μ’§«“¡°ÆÀ¡“¬μ“¡ªí≠À“¢Õ߇√“‰¡à‰¥â,¥â«¬‡Àμÿ∑’Ë«à“ ∫∑∫—≠≠—μ‘∑—Èß Õß¡“μ√“

¢Õ߇√“¡‘‰¥â¡’‡√◊ËÕߢÕߢâÕ‰¢ (proviso) ·μàÕ¬à“ß„¥ ª√–°“√Àπ÷Ëß; ·≈–Õ’°ª√–°“√Àπ÷Ëß,

·¡â®–¡Õß„π¥â“π‡®μπ“√¡≥å¢Õß°ÆÀ¡“¬«à“ª√– ߧåÕ¬à“߉√°Á‡ªìπ‡√◊ËÕ߬ÿà߬“°, ‡æ√“–
·¡â∫∑∫—≠≠—μ‘∑—Èß Õß¡“μ√“®–¡’§«“¡À¡“¬·®âß™—¥Õ¬Ÿà„πμ—«, ∫∑∫—≠≠—μ‘∑—Èß Õß°Á¢—¥°—π
Õ¬à“ß™—¥·®âߥ⫬, ®÷߉¡àÕ“®∑√“∫‰¥â«à“ ºŸâ∫—≠≠—μ‘°ÆÀ¡“¬ª√– ߧåÕ¬à“߉√·πà.

∑à“πºŸâ∑√ߧÿ≥«ÿ≤‘∑à“πÀπ÷Ëß„À⧫“¡‡ÀÁπ«à“, °“√®—¥μ—Èߧ≥–„À¡àμâÕß®—¥∑”
‡ªìπæ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘, ‡æ√“–‡ÀÁπ‰¥â®“°‡®μπ“√¡≥å¢Õßæ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘©∫—∫π’È«à“, √—∞ ¿“

ª√– ߧ宖§«∫§ÿ¡°“√®—¥μ—Èߧ≥–„À¡à¢÷Èπ, ¡“μ√“ ı «√√§ Õß ®÷߉¥â∫—≠≠—μ‘·¬°·¬–
°“√μ—ÈßÀ√◊Õ≈⡧≥–‰«âμà“ßÀ“°®“°°“√μ—ÈßÀ√◊Õ‡≈‘°≈â¡·ºπ°«‘™“. ºŸâ‡¢’¬π¬—ߢâÕß„®Õ¬Ÿà«à“,

°“√μ’§«“¡°ÆÀ¡“¬‚¥¬æ‘®“√≥“·μà‡æ’¬ß¡“μ√“ ı «√√§ Õß, ‚¥¬¡‘‰¥âæ‘®“√≥“¡“μ√“ ˜
ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬, ®–∂Ÿ°μâÕß·≈â«À√◊Õ?.

ºŸâ‡¢’¬π„§√à¢Õæ‘®“√≥“ªí≠À“π’ÈÕ’°·ßàÀπ÷Ëß, §◊Õ„π‡¡◊ËÕ¡“μ√“Àπ÷Ëß∫—≠≠—μ‘„Àâ®—¥∑”
‡ªìπæ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘ ·≈–Õ’°¡“μ√“Àπ÷Ëß„Àâ®—¥∑”‡ªìπæ√–√“™°ƒ…Æ’°“‡™àππ’È, °“√∑’Ë
¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬∏√√¡»“ μ√å°Á¥’, ®ÿÓ≈ß°√≥å¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬∑’Ë¥’, ®—¥μ—Èߧ≥–„À¡à¢÷Èπ‚¥¬®—¥∑”

‡ªìπæ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘, ¬àÕ¡‰¡à¡’ªí≠À“Õ—π„¥, ‡æ√“–μ“¡À≈—°°“√μ’§«“¡°ÆÀ¡“¬∑’Ë«à“
(Òˆ)
ùºŸâ¡’Õ”π“®°√–∑” ‘Ëß„À≠à¬àÕ¡¡’Õ”π“®°√–∑” ‘Ë߬àÕ¬¥â«¬;û À√◊Õ ù ‘ËßπâÕ¬¬àÕ¡ª√–°Õ∫

(Òı˘)
ùThe true principle...undoubtedly is, that the sound interpretation and meaning of
the statute on a view of the enacting clause, saving clause, and proviso, taken
and construed together, are to prevail. If the principal object of the Act can be
accomplished and stand under the restriction of the saving clause or proviso, the
same is not to be held void for repugnancy. This, it is submitted, would be held

by our English courts at the present day to be good law.û: S.G.G. Edgar ed. Craies
On Statute Law (sixth ed.; London: Sweet & Maxwell. 1963), p. 220.
(Òˆ)
ÿ¿“…‘μ≈–μ‘π¡’«à“: ùCui licet quod majus non debet quod minus est non licereû.
§”·ª≈„π¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ…¡’«à“ : ùHe who has authority to do the more important act
shall not be debarred from doing that of less importanceû.