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√«¡º≈ß“π∑“ß«‘™“°“√¢Õß»“ μ√“®“√¬å∏“π‘π∑√å °√—¬«‘‡™’¬√             341




                 ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬∫“ß·Ààß°”Àπ¥„Àâ·∫àß à«π√“™°“√¢Õß¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬‚¥¬ª√–°“» ”π—°
                                                           (ÒıÙ)
                 𓬰√—∞¡πμ√’ ·≈–ª√–°“»„π√“™°‘®®“πÿ‡∫°…“,       ·≈–¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬∫“ß·Ààß„Àâ°√–∑”
                                            (Òıı)
                 ‚¥¬¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫¢Õß¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬.

                        „π∑“ߪؑ∫—μ‘,‡™àπ°“√®—¥μ—Èߧ≥–»‘≈ª»“ μ√å¢Õß¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬∏√√¡»“ μ√å·≈–
                                                                                         (Òıˆ)
                 °“√®—¥μ—Èߧ≥–§√ÿ»“ μ√å¢Õß®ÿÓ≈ß°√≥å¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬, °√–∑”‚¥¬æ√–√“™°ƒ…Æ’°“.

                        μ“¡À≈—°°“√μ’§«“¡°ÆÀ¡“¬¢ÕßÕ—ß°ƒ…π—Èπ, ‡¡◊ËÕ∫∑∫—≠≠—μ‘„π°ÆÀ¡“¬©∫—∫

                 ‡¥’¬«°—π¢—¥·¬âß°—π, ‚¥¬‡©æ“–Õ¬à“߬‘Ëß„π°√≥’∑’Ë¢âÕ‰¢ (proviso) ¢—¥°—∫μ—«∫∑∫—≠≠—μ‘

                 ·Ààß°ÆÀ¡“¬ »“≈Õ—ß°ƒ…‡§¬«‘π‘®©—¬„Àâ∂◊Õ‡Õ“¢âÕ‰¢‡ªì𠔧—≠, ∑—Èßπ’ȇæ√“–¢âÕ‰¢‡ªìπ
                                                                  (Òı˜)
                 ‡√◊ËÕß∑’˺Ÿâ∫—≠≠—μ‘°ÆÀ¡“¬· ¥ß‡®μπ“√¡≥凪ìπ§√—Èß ÿ¥∑⓬.  Õπ÷Ëß „π°√≥’∑’Ë∫∑∫—≠≠—μ‘
                  Õß∫∑¢—¥·¬âß°—π ∫∑Àπ÷Ë߉¡à¡’¢âÕ‰¢, ·μàÕ’°∫∑Àπ÷Ëß¡’¢âÕ‰¢, μâÕß∂◊Õ‡Õ“∫∑∫—≠≠—μ‘
                                  (Òı¯)
                 ∑’Ë¡’¢âÕ‰¢‡ªì𠔧—≠.   Õ¬à“߉√°Áμ“¡, „πªí®®ÿ∫—π »“≈Õ—ß°ƒ…‡ª≈’ˬπ·π««‘π‘®©—¬‰ª





                 (ÒıÙ)
                      æ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬‡™’¬ß„À¡à æ.». Úı˜, ¡“μ√“ ˜ : ù...°“√·∫àß à«π√“™°“√„π
                       ”π—°ß“πÕ∏‘°“√∫¥’«‘∑¬“≈—¬§≥–·≈– ∂“∫—π„Àâ°√–∑”‚¥¬ª√–°“» ”π—°π“¬°√—∞¡πμ√’
                      ·≈–ª√–°“»„π√“™°‘®®“πÿ‡∫°…“.û; æ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¢Õπ·°àπ æ.». Úı¯,

                      ¡“μ√“ ˘ : ù°“√·∫àß à«π√“™°“√¢Õß¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬μ“¡¡“μ√“ ˜ ·≈–¡“μ√“ ¯ „Àâ∑”‡ªìπ
                      ª√–°“» ”π—°π“¬°√—∞¡πμ√’·≈–ª√–°“»„π√“™°‘®®“πÿ‡∫°…“.û, æ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬
                       ß¢≈“π§√‘π∑√å æ.». ÚıÒÒ, ¡“μ√“ ˘, ∫—≠≠—μ‘«à“ : ù°“√·∫àß à«π√“™°“√¢Õß¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬
                      μ“¡¡“μ√“ ˜ ·≈–¡“μ√“ ¯ „Àâ∑”‡ªìπª√–°“» ”π—°π“¬°√—∞¡πμ√’·≈–ª√–°“»„π√“™°‘®®“πÿ‡∫°…“.û
                 (Òıı)
                      æ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬»‘≈ª“°√ æÿ∑∏»—°√“™ ÚÙ¯ˆ, ¡“μ√“ ı, ∫—≠≠—μ‘«à“: ù¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬π’È
                      Õ“®·∫à߇ªìπ§≥–μà“ßÊ ·≈–·ºπ°«‘™“μ“¡∑’Ë®–‰¥â¡’¢âÕ∫—ߧ—∫¢Õß¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬°”À𥉫â.û
                 (Òıˆ)
                      æ√–√“™°ƒ…Æ’°“®—¥μ—Èߧ≥–»‘≈ª»“ μ√å„π¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬∏√√¡»“ μ√å. æ.». ÚıÙ; æ√–√“™°ƒ…Æ’°“
                      ®—¥μ—Èߧ≥–§√ÿ»“ μ√å„π®ÿÓ≈ß°√≥å¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬ æ.». Úı.
                 (Òı˜)
                      ù... that where the proviso of an Act of Parliament is directly repugnant to the
                      purview, the proviso shall stand and be a repeal of the purview as it speaks the
                      last intention of the makers.û: Att-Gen.V Chelsea Waterworks (1731) Fitzg. 195.
                 (Òı¯)
                      ùWhere there are two sections dealing with the same subject-matter, one section
                      being unqualified and the other containing a qualification, effect must be given to
                      the section containing the qualification.û: Moss V. Elphich (1910) I K.B. 465, 468.
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