Page 74 - JWP 120122

66 Heng Pei Pei, Lim Kuang Hock, Cheong Yoon Ling, Noraini Osman, Noraina Majid, Tan Poai Ean,
Shyamini Ann Samson, Ali Aman Marine, Mohd Hazilas Mat Hashim, Mohd Yahya Izral Umpong,
Balvinder Singh Gill & Lim Boo Liat
66 Heng Pei Pei, Lim Kuang Hock, Cheong Yoon Ling, Noraini Osman, Noraina Majid,
Tan Poai Ean, Shyamini Ann Samson, Ali Aman Marine, Mohd Hazilas Mat Hashim,
Mohd Yahya Izral Umpong, Balvinder Singh Gill & Lim Boo Liat

Table 2. Descriptive analysis of measurements of P. hypomelanus (n=12)

Measurements Minimum Maximum Mean (± SD)
HB (mm) 178 225 208.75(± 13.88)
FA (mm) 119 185 139.17(± 15.72)
HF (mm) 188 290 263.17(± 31.86)
TB (mm) 57 80 66.67(± 5.58)
E (mm) 25 40 28.42(± 3.92)
WS (mm) 890 1100 988.73(± 66.74)
WT (grams) 214 472 407.64(± 73.26)

Notes: HB: Head body length; FA: Forearm length; HF: Hind foot length; TB:
Tibia length; E: Ear length; WS: Wingspan length; WT: Weight.

Comparison of measurements between male and female P. vampyrus

The parametric analysis of independent t-test was employed to compare the
mean difference of anthropometric measurements between the male (n=5) and the
female (n=12) (Table 3), after the normality test of Kolmogorov-smirnov
displayed the normal distribution of the data. There is no significant mean
difference in the HB, FA, HF and E measurements between male and female P.
vampyrus. The tagging was incomplete for the measurement of TV, WS and
WT, there fore anthropometric comparison between male and female species for
therefore
the three parameters was unable to perform.

Comparison of measurements between male and female P. hypomelanus

There are significant mean difference in the HB (p<0.05, t statistic =2.28,
df=10.00), and TV (p<0.01, t statistic =3.74, df=9), between adults male and
adults female P. hypomelanus (Table 4).