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3. A.32. Service Court – The area on either side of the
centerline, including the centerline, sideline, and
baseline, excluding the NVZ.

3. A.33. Service Motion – Begins when the player’s arm moves
to initiate the swing backward or forward to contact
the ball.

3. A.34. Serving Area – The area behind the baseline and on or
between the imaginary lines extended from the court
centerline and each sideline.

3. A.35. Side Out – When a singles player or doubles team
loses its serve(s) and service is awarded to the
opposing side.

3. A.36. Technical Foul – A referee’s assessment of a rule or
behavioral violation that results in 1 point being
awarded to the opposing team. May be issued when
one technical warning has already been given or when
warranted by a player’s or team’s actions, based on the
referee’s judgment.

3. A.37. Technical Warning – A referee’s first verbal warning of
a rule or behavioral violation given to a player or team
prior to a technical foul being called. Points are not
awarded for a technical warning.

3. A.38. Volley – During a rally, hitting the ball while in the air,
before the ball bounces.

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USAPA & IFP Official Tournament Rulebook