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explanation,  give  example  to  our  audience,  illustrate  our  point  better,  and
                             attract audience attention. However, select the audio and video files that can
                             be played in any device. Avoid using audio or video that has too much noise
                             or sound effects. The audio or video shouldn’t be too long. Young and Travis
                             (2008) recommend only 10-20 seconds, but this will depend on the length of
                             the presentation.


                        d.   Slidewares
                                   Slideware is a generic term for the software used to create and display
                             slide. There are many kinds of slidewares that can be used, such as Microsoft
                             Power Point, Apple iWorks Keynote, Google Drive Presentation, Zoho Show,
                             and Prezi. However, they cannot be expected to replace speakers and should
                             not  be  employed  to  guide  speakers.  These  are  some  do’s  and  don’ts  of

                             slideware use we need to consider.
                                              DO’S                                   DON’TS
                             Write  our  slideshow  presentation  Don’t         overcrowd      too     much
                             before we write our talk.                information  on  slides.  Never  place
                                                                      more than 80 words on a slide. Never
                                                                      use font size smaller than 20 point.
                             Start our presentation with a single- Avoid  gratuitous  visual  effects  that
                             sentence  summary  of  our  argument  might distract our audience.
                             or findings.
                             Display a table of content for our talk.  Avoid    bullets     and     sentence
                             Keep  slide  titles  consistent  with  the  fragments.
                             section  headings  in  this  table  of
                             contents.

                             Use  simple  visual  aids  as  evidence,  Don’t overcrowd charts and graphs.
                             illustration, and to keep our audience
                             engaged.

                        e.   Handouts

                                   Our presentation handout is the lasting concrete manifestation of our
                             presentation. It is an important part of the total experience for the audience.
                             Handout shouldn’t be merely a copy of the PowerPoint slides. This is lazy and
                             not  effective.  Handout  should  be  more  useful  and  provides  more  detailed
                             information  of  the  presentation.  If  the  presentation  shows  a  diagram,  the
                             handout should provide the statistical data. We can add more information in
                             a handout that we cannot convey during the presentation.












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