Page 37 - Think 4. Teacher's Book B2

Unit 2
On the road Grammar; Vocabulary

Warmer
Write the following on the board: My
cousin, who lives in Paris, is a lawyer; GRAMMAR which to refer to a whole clause
My cousin who lives in Paris is a Relative clauses (review) 4 Read the sentence from the article on page 21.
What does which refer to?
lawyer. Ask students to work out the 1 Read the sentences from the article on page 21. Suddenly, the commute becomes very stressful,
Look at the underlined parts. Then complete
difference in meaning between these the rule by writing A, B, C or D. which is not a great way to start the day.
sentences (in the first sentence, the A His journey, which now takes him 90 minutes, 5 What does this refer to in these sentences?
also helps him to keep fit.
speaker has just one cousin whereas B He teaches in a primary school which is only Rewrite them as one sentence.
in the second the speaker has many 7.5 miles from his home. 0 A lot of commuters use their car. This is bad for
the environment.
cousins, one of whom lives in Paris). C He had to share the pavement with other A lot of commuters use their car, which is bad for
pedestrians who were all fighting for space.
D Gabriel Horchler, who works in Washington DC, the environment.
noticed that … 1 Some people at my office commute for over an hour.
This is tiring.
1 At this level, students will have 2 I have to be at work by 8 o’clock. This can be difficult.
seen relative clauses before, but RULE: We use a defining relative clause to identify 3 My boss doesn’t mind if I’m late sometimes.
an object (which/that), a person (who/that), a place
may still make mistakes when (where) or a possession (whose). Without this This makes life easier.
information, it’s hard to know who or what we’re
using them, particularly with the talking about (e.g. sentences 1 and 2 ). 4 People can get very stressed in heavy traffic.
This often leads to arguments.
use of commas in non-defining We use a non-defining relative clause to add extra workbook page 18
information. We don’t need this information to
clauses. During feedback, read understand the sentence. We put commas around it
the sentences without the relative (e.g. sentences 3 and 4 ). VOCABULARY
clause to show that B and C 2 SPEAKING Complete each sentence with who, Groups of people
SPEAKING
define the noun and A and D add which or that. Are they defining or non-defining 6 Complete each sentence with a word from the list.
extra information. relative clauses? Then discuss the statements commuters | employees | employers | immigrants
in pairs.
RULE: 1 B 2 C 3 A 4 D 1 I don’t understand people decide inhabitants | motorists | pedestrians | politicians
refugees | residents | the crew | the staff
to drive to work instead of walking.
2 Give students some time to 2 I don’t like people eat their lunch 0 People who travel to work are commuters .
next to me on a bus.
discuss the subjects in small 3 A commuter is just someone is 1 People who walk on a street or pavement are called

.
groups. Then hold a class vote trying to get to work. 2 A group of people who work for an organisation

.
are
to decide which they agree or 4 It’s buses being dirty make me not 3 People who drive cars are called .
want to use them.
disagree with. 4 A group of people who work on a plane or ship
1 who/that 2 who/that 3 who/ 3 Join the sentences to make one sentence with are .
a non-defining relative clause. Put commas in the

that 4 which/that They are all correct places. 5 live in a specific place. are people or animals that
defining relative clauses. 0 The workers were tired. They had travelled a long 6 People who are paid to work for other people
way to work. are called .
The workers, who had travelled a long way, 7 People who work in politics are called
3 If you are short on time, set this were tired. .
exercise for homework. Remind 1 The motorist was driving too fast. The motorist 8 are people who have to leave
shouted at me.
students that we do not use 2 London is a busy city. It is where I work. their own country because it’s too dangerous to
live there.
that as a relative pronoun in 3 I’ve been reading a book by William Boyd on my 9 pay others to work for them.
non-defining relative clauses. commute. Boyd is one of my favourite writers. 10 People who live in a certain place are the
1 The motorist, who was driving too 4 Juan has been working here for ten years. He is 11 . are people who go to
from Spain.
fast, shouted at me. a different country to live there permanently.
2 London, which is where I work, is a workbook page 20
busy city.
3 I’ve been reading a book by William 22
Boyd, who is one of my favourite
writers, on my commute.
3 Juan, who is from Spain, has been 5 Point out that which is used to join the two sentences and makes the
working here for ten years. language sound more fluent and interesting.
1 Some people at my office commute for over an hour, which is tiring.
4 Explain that which can be used 2 I have to be at work by 8 o’clock, which can be difficult.
to refer to specific things or to 3 My boss doesn’t mind if I am late sometimes, which makes life easier.
whole clauses. 4 People can get very stressed in heavy traffic, which often leads to arguments.
the fact that the commute can
become very stressful Workbook p18
Get it Right!
that and which in relative clauses
Student’s Book pp122–123
more
6 If students are struggling with this, encourage them to use English–English
dictionaries to complete the exercise as there may not be a direct translation
Workbook
Grammar p18, Ex.1–4 in their own language.
Vocabulary p20, Ex.1–2 1 pedestrians 2 the staff 3 motorists 4 the crew 5 Inhabitants
Vocabulary Extra p21, Ex.1–3 6 employees 7 politicians 8 Refugees 9 Employers 10 residents
11 Immigrants
Worksheets Workbook p20
Grammar Worksheets 2
Vocabulary Worksheets 2
T22 On the road | Unit 2