Page 100 - Chayei Adam LAYOUT sivan 5782

Chayei Adam - K’lal 142 - The Order of the Tekiahs

]1[ A person is obligated to hear nine blasts [of the shofar] on Rosh Hashana.
This is [learned from the fact that] regarding Rosh Hashana, the posuk says
“zichron teruah” (Vayikra 23:24) and “yom teruah” (Bamidbar 29:1), and regarding
the Yom Kippur of the yovel year, [the posuk says] “shofar teruah”. The pesukim
are connected by hekesh (common usage of words) to teach us that all shofar
blasts of the seventh month are equal, and it is as if it says ‘teruah’ three times in
1
[connection with] Rosh Hashana. We also hold that every teruah must be
2
preceded and followed by a tekiah, as Chazal derive from pesukim. [Therefore]
3
one must hear tekiah-teruah-tekiah three times. Even if he heard all nine of these
sounds over the course of nine hours of the day, and even from nine different
people - [that he hears] a tekiah from one person, a teruah from another, and a
4
tekiah from [a third], he fulfills his obligation. [This is provided that the delay]
wasn’t under duress, but if it was due to forced circumstances, he does not fulfill
5
his obligation. See below, siman 11.

]2[ Chazal understand that the ‘teruah’ mentioned in the Torah connotes
crying and complaining, as the Targum Onkelos translates אָּבָּבְּי םֹוי (a day of yevava)
and we find that it says (Shoftim 5:28) א ָּר ְּסי ִס ם ֵא בֵּבַי ְּתַו (va’teyabev eim Sisra) meaning
ּ
that she was crying and complaining. Generally, when one cries and complains
from pain, they make long sounds which are broken apart, like those blasts which
we call ‘shevarim’, and then afterwards, they cry short consecutive sounds like
6
those which we call ‘teruah’. Due to the lengthy exile, Chazal began to doubt if
םדו רשב

1. Rosh Hashana 34a. See Aruch shofar … pass the shofar”). “You shall
Hashulchan who explains that although one of pass” (v’haavarta/taaviru) is understood to
the three pesukim refers to the shofar blown refer to a straight passing sound, what we
on Yom Kippur of the Yovel year and not Rosh refer to as a tekiah. Therefore, every teruah
Hashana, since the posuk is itself repetitive, must be surrounded by a tekiah, before and
mentioning shofar twice, Chazal understand it after it. (Rosh Hashana 33b)
to refer to Rosh Hashana.
3. Since, effectively, it says teruah three
2. The posuk (Vayikra 25:9) says ָּּת ְּרַבֲע ה ְּו times, and each teruah must be surrounded by
ַ
הָּעּור ְּת ר פֹו ׁש (“you shall pass a teruah with the two tekiahs, the basic obligation is to blow
ַ
ּ

011