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Obstacles to progress

Challenges, Realities & Distortions

Least Developed Countries

" The least developed countries (LDCs) is a list of developing countries that, according to
the United Nations, exhibit the lowest indicators of socioeconomic development, with the
lowest Human Development Index ratings of all countries in the world.

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A country is classified among the Least Developed Countries if it meets three criteria:
• Poverty – adjustable criterion based on GNI per capita averaged over three years. As of
2018 a country must have GNI per capita less than US$ 1,025 to be included on the list,
and over $1,230 to graduate from it.

• Human resource weakness (based on indicators of nutrition, health, education and
adult literacy)

• Economic vulnerability (based on instability of agricultural production, instability of
exports of goods and services, economic importance of non-traditional activities,
merchandise export concentration, handicap of economic smallness, and the
percentage of population displaced by natural disasters).

As of 2018, 47 countries are classified as LDC, "
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There are 33 African states that are classified as ‘least developed’

Angola Eritrea Mali South Sudan

Benin Ethiopia Mauritania Sudan
Burkina Faso Gambia Mozambique Tanzania

Burundi Guinea Niger Togo
CAR Guinea-Bissau Rwanda Uganda

Chad Lesotho São Tomé & P Zambia

Comoros Liberia Senegal
DRC Madagascar Sierra Leone

Djibouti Malawi Somalia

Source : "Least Developed Countries", Wikipedia 51

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