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Changes!

Commentary

Kwame Nkrumah

You don’t need to look far to see evidence of this.

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The Chagos Islands
The Chagos Islands have never been handed over by the UK, despite the UN and UK courts

ruling in favour of the Chagos islanders. The UK sequestration of these islands was

justified by a deliberate falsehood on the part of the UK.

...The first paragraph of the FCO's reply read:

"The purpose of the Immigration Ordinance is to maintain the fiction that the inhabitants
of the Chagos are not a permanent or semi-permanent population. The Ordinance would

be published in the BIOT gazette which has only very limited circulation. Publicity will
therefore be minimal."

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Francafrique (CAF etc.)

Under the treaties France imposed on its ex-colonies, France retains the right of first
refusal on all natural resources and has privileged access to government contracts. France

created the CFA Franc for its ex-colonies and required that a proportion of each country’s
national reserves be held in France.

Its only in recent years that France has begun to loosen the France-centric monetary
system, including the CAF that gives France leverage over its ex-colonies. But this apparent

loosening has been accompanied by other more ‘controlling’ French activities. France,

probably more than any other government, is seen as making individual ex-colonies as
‘militarily dependent’ on the France.

Francafrique lives on. Colonialism replaced by neo-colonialism.

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The Cold War and its proxy wars in Africa

Portuguese Colonial War (1961-1974), Angolan War of Independence (1961-1974), Eritrean War of
Independence (1961-1991), Guinea-Bissau War of Independence (1963-1974), Rhodesian Bush War
(1964-1979), Mozambican War of Independence (1964-1974), South African Border War (1966-1990),
1969 Sudanese coup d'état (1969), 1969 Libyan coup d'état (1969), 1969 Somali coup d'état (1969),

Ethiopian Civil War (1974-1991), Angolan Civil War (1975-2002), Shaba I (1977), Mozambican Civil War
(1977-1992), Seychelles coup d'état (1977), Shaba II (1978), Ethiopian–Somali Border War (1982)