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Commentary

What monetary value should be put on the loss of so many African lives? Many of

whom we can assume were in their prime ?

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The decades of chaos that followed African independence have their roots in policies
pursued under m’zungu colonial rule. And in the activities of m’zungu super-powers and
their cold war proxy wars.

The conflicts that took place consumed many lives, destroyed many economically

productive assets.

These decades delayed African development by generations. What value can be put
on that loss?

For the background to the above commentary, please refer to :

“A short history of the African Slave Trade” by Alastair Boddy Evans, which draws from various works but
in particular those of Nathan Nunn, Frederic E. Abbe Professor of Economics at Harvard University

and

British, French, Belgian and Portuguese Models of Colonial ; Rule and Economic Development in Africa ;
Ngozi Caleb Kamalu, Ph.D

"Congo Free State - Wikipedia." ; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congo_Free_State.

"How Europe Underdeveloped Africa"; Rodney, Walter. 1972. London: Bogle-L'Ouverture.
and

Igué, John O. "A New Generation of Leaders in Africa: What Issues Do They Face?" International
Development Policy

and

Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche. "World War I: The 'Black Army' That Marched in from Africa | DW |
10.11.2018." DW.COM. https://www.dw.com/en/world-war-i-the-black-army-that-marched-in-from-
africa/a-46239274.

“The African Soldiers Dragged into Europe's War." BBC News, July 3, 2015, sec. Magazine.
https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-33329661.

and

"Africa: A Continent Drenched in the Blood of Revolutionary Heroes | Victoria Brittain | Global
Development | The Guardian." (January 2011) Accessed June 18, 2020.