Page 207 - PPL BEG-engelsk
P. 207
Meteorology
Meteorology
Indholdsfortegnelse Side
3.1 Introduction ........................................................................................... 213
3.2 The atmosphere, composition and structure .......................................... 214
3.2.1 The Troposphere .................................................................................. 214
3.2.1.1 Temperature in the Troposphere ..................................................... 215
3.2.1.2 Temperature gradient and isothermal conditions ............................. 216
3.2.2 The Stratosphere ...................................................................................216
3.3 Temperature and density ....................................................................... 217
3.3.1 The seasons ...........................................................................................217
3.3.2 Solar radiation .......................................................................................218
3.3.2.1 Solar radiation summer and winter .............................................. 218
3.3.2.2 Solar radiation over the course of a day ............................................ 219
3.3.2.3 Daily temperature variation .............................................................. 219
3.3.2.4 The Greenhouse Effect ..................................................................... 220
3.3.2.5 Earth’s surface temperature ............................................................. 221
3.3.2.6 Temperature measurement .............................................................. 222
3.3.3 Temperature dependence on altitude and air mass ...............................223
3.3.3.1 Dry adiabat and saturated adiabat .................................................... 224
3.3.3.2 Stable and unstable air mass ............................................................ 224
3.3.4 Inversion ................................................................................................225
3.3.4.1 Ground inversion .............................................................................. 225
3.3.4.2 Turbulence inversion ........................................................................ 226
3.3.4.3 Subsidience inversion / height inversion ........................................... 226
3.3.4.4 Frontal inversion and advection inversion......................................... 226
3.3.4.5 Inversions stabilize the weather ....................................................... 227
3.3.5 Barometer, pressure and isobars ...........................................................228
3.3.5.1 Measurement of air pressure ........................................................... 228
3.3.5.2 QFE, QFF, QNH ................................................................................. 228
3.3.5.3 Isobars ............................................................................................. 229
3.3.5.4 Surface maps .................................................................................... 229
3.3.5.5 Ridges and troughs ........................................................................... 230
3.3.5.6 Air can be compressed ..................................................................... 230
Flight Theory PPL(A)(UL)/LAPL Henning Andersen, Midtjysk Flyveskole© marts 2026 207
