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Meteorology
3.6.6.1 Radiation fog ..................................................................................... 287
3.6.6.2 Advection fog ................................................................................... 288
3.6.6.3 Orographic fog ................................................................................. 289
3.6.6.4 Front fog .......................................................................................... 289
3.6.6.5 Shallow ............................................................................................ 290
3.6.6.6 Sea smoke ........................................................................................ 290
3.6.7 Fog, mist, haze, dew and rime .............................................................. 291
3.6.7.1 Fog and mist ...................................................................................... 291
3.6.7.2 Haze ................................................................................................. 291
3.6.7.3 Dew and rime ................................................................................... 291
3.6.8 Visibility – concepts and terminology.................................................... 292
3.6.8.1 Cloud height / cloud base ................................................................. 292
3.6.8.2 Vertical visibility (VER VIS) ................................................................ 293
3.6.8.3 Meteorological visibility ................................................................... 293
3.6.8.4 Visibility measurement ..................................................................... 294
3.6.8.5 Visibility at takeoff and landing......................................................... 295
3.6.8.6 Runway visual range (RVR) ............................................................... 295
3.6.8.7 Causes of reduced visibility............................................................... 295
3.6.8.8 Dangers og flying in poor visibility .................................................... 296
3.7 Air masses .............................................................................................. 297
3.7.1 Types of air masses ............................................................................... 298
3.7.1.1 Characteristics of air masses ............................................................. 298
3.7.2 Changes in an air mass .......................................................................... 299
3.7.2.1 Summer weather.............................................................................. 299
3.7.2.2 Winter weather ................................................................................ 301
3.8 Fronts ..................................................................................................... 304
3.8.1 Warm fronts and cold fronts ..................................................................305
3.8.1.1 Warm front ...................................................................................... 305
3.8.1.2 Cold front ......................................................................................... 305
3.8.2 Front symbols ........................................................................................305
3.8.3 Warm sector ..........................................................................................306
3.8.4 Front clouds ...........................................................................................306
3.8.5 Formation of low pressure .....................................................................309
Flight Theory PPL(A)(UL)/LAPL Henning Andersen, Midtjysk Flyveskole© marts 2026 210
