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Navigation
Navigation
Indholdsfortegnelse Side
9.1 Introduction……… ................................................................................. 802
9.2 The shape of the Earth and the grid ................................................... 804
9.2.1 Longitude and latitude ....................................................................... 804
9.2.1.1 The grid ......................................................................................... 805
9.2.1.2 Parallels of lalitude ........................................................................ 805
9.2.1.3 Meridians and longitudes .............................................................. 805
9.2.1.4 Position indication......................................................................... 806
9.2.1.5 Distance calculation using coordinates .......................................... 807
9.3 Time……………………………. ........................................................................ 809
9.3.1 Central European Time (CET) .............................................................. 810
9.3.2 The Date Line ..................................................................................... 810
9.3.2.1 The international date line ............................................................ 810
9.3.2.2 Time zone ..................................................................................... 811
9.3.3 UCT time / Zulu time and local time ................................................... 811
9.3.4 Time when VFR flight is permitted ...................................................... 812
9.3.4.1 Twilight and night .......................................................................... 813
9.4 Flight maps…………………… ...................................................................... 815
9.4.1 Map drawing ...................................................................................... 815
9.4.1.1 Requirements for maps ................................................................. 816
9.4.1.2 Maps – projection methods........................................................... 817
9.4.1.3 Lambert’s conformal conic projection ........................................... 817
9.4.1.4 Mercator projection ...................................................................... 818
9.4.1.5 Gnomonic projection..................................................................... 819
9.4.2 Great circles and compass lines .......................................................... 820
9.4.2.1 Great circles .................................................................................. 820
9.4.2.2 Small circles .................................................................................. 821
9.4.2.3 Compass lines ............................................................................... 821
9.4.3 The ICAO map .................................................................................... 823
9.4.3.1 Meridians and parallels of latitude ................................................ 823
Flyveteori PPL(A)(UL)/LAPL Henning Andersen, Midtjysk Flyveskole© marts 2026
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