Page 91 - Big Data Analytics for Connected Vehicles and Smart Cities

72 Big Data Analytics for Connected Vehicles and Smart Cities Connected and Autonomous Vehicles 73

4.8 Summary of the Differences between Connected and
Autonomous Vehicles

It is valuable at this point to provide a summary of the differences between con-
nected and autonomous vehicles. Connected and autonomous vehicles have
considerable overlap in the communities that are conducting the research and
development. Often conferences and meetings are held under the banner of the
combined subject. While both involve the application of advanced technolo-
gies to transportation, it is important to distinguish between connected vehicles
and autonomous vehicles. Figures 4.12 and 4.13 attempt to achieve this in a
graphical manner.
Figure 4.12 illustrates that the connected car consists of a car with the
addition of the ability to communicate with the outside world using either
roadside DSRC technology or cellular technology, making use of cloud services.
Of course the connected vehicle also includes vehicle-to vehicle (V2V) commu-
nications as depicted in Figure 4.13.
The autonomous vehicle is one that does not require a driver, as depicted
in Figure 4.14.
This illustrates the point that a car with the driver removed can be con-
sidered as an autonomous vehicle. Of course, the same can be true for buses
and trucks. It could be argued that autonomous operation is more valuable for
buses and trucks because the driver is not attempting to get anywhere and has to
be present in the vehicle as a requirement for operation. Substantial reductions
in cost for transit and freight could be achieved by the introduction of autono-
mous or driverless operation. The other major difference between connected
and autonomous vehicles is that connected vehicles are highly likely to appear
in the marketplace in substantial numbers before Autonomous vehicles.

Figure 4.12 The connected vehicle.