Page 62 - Hand rearing birds second

Other Features and References Nest: open cup. Leave nest: 10–15 d (avg 12), fly well 8 d post‐fledge. Eyes: iris dark gray to gray‐ green in juvenile. Sounds: H and N make single high‐pitched peep. Ref: 7 (bna.7) Nest: in cavity. Leave nest: 18–21 d Eyes partly open 6 d, fully open 8 d. Sounds: H single sq

F: 84.4 (4.2) M: 87.6 (4.8)

Approx. Weight (g)
Table 2.4 (Continued) 48.5
Abbreviations: d: day, H: hatchling 1–3 days, N: nestling, Fl: fledgling, Juv: juvenile, F: female, M: male.

Other Features and d 0: 2.7–4.5 d 0: 5.5–7 d 17–18: 78
Species Mouth color Gape flanges Integument Legs/feet Approx. Weight (g) References d 6: 26 d 16: 40 Fl: 71
American Yellow to White exterior, Down: whitish on head, Long legs, toes d 0: 4.1–6.7 78.5 (7.4) Nest: cup‐shaped, grass
Robin yellow‐orange pale yellow back, wings, turns creamy more delicate (5.5 avg) with mud.
(Turdus inside corners then gray. than starling. Fl: 48–50 Leave nest: 14–16 d
migratorius) Skin: yellowish. (possibly earlier),
1st feathers rust‐tipped, independent by 4 wks Long legs. White
speckled dorsal and post‐fledge, stay in natal nails turn dark.
ventral, chin and throat area up to 4 months. Eyes Legs/feet Long legs.
white. partly open: d 5.
Hatchling sounds:
staccato trill.
Ref: 7 (bna.462)
Gray Catbird Yellow to Creamy white Down: dark brown or gray d 0: 3 35.3 (2.5) Nest: open cup, low. North American family groups with yellow‐orange mouth interiors: Tyrant flycatchers, shrikes, vireos, larks, swallows, chickadees, titmice, verdins, Bushtits, nuthatches,
(Dumetella yellow‐orange to blackish. d 4: 12.8 Leave nest: 8–12 d (or
carolinensis) Skin: blackish‐gray. Fl: 28.5 10.5–15 d), fed by adults
Black at bill tip and base of up to 12 d post fledge.
tongue. Refs: 1, 7 (bna.167), 9 Down: plentiful dark gray or sepia‐brown, gray and Skin: light pink w/yellow light brown and grayish‐ Juv: gray‐brown plumage, blackish bill, turns yellow
Brown Creamy yellow, Whitish, thin Down: grayish‐white on Deep vinaceous d 0: 4.8 68 Nest: cup, low, dense white first feathers. Down: very long, thick, white on head, dorsum
Thrasher orange in dorsal surface. then brown. d 9: 45.5 shrubs (with thorns).
(Toxostoma throat Skin: pinkish. Fl: 41.5–52 Leave nest: 11–12 d Integument and humerus. Skin: pink. in first winter.
rufum) Juv: buff wing bars and (range 9–13), run well. creepers, wrens, gnatcatchers, gnatwrens, dippers, sylviid warblers (Wrentit), thrushes, mockingbirds, thrashers, and starlings.
spotting. Eyes: H dusky brown, tint.
Fl olive gray, (adult
orange yellow).
Refs: 7, 9 (bna.557) Abbreviations: d: day, H: hatchling 1–3 days, N: nestling, Fl: fledgling, Juv: juvenile, F: female, M: male.
Gape flanges Off white or creamy yellow Lemon yellow, thick, very prominent larger lower mandible

Mouth color Yellow Bright yellow or orange

Species Northern Mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos) European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris)

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