Page 64 - Hand rearing birds second

Other Features and References Nest: open cup in fork. Leave nest: 14–18 d. Eyes begin to open 6–7 d, open 8 d. Sounds: 5th d: faint buzzing or chirping. Begging call: long excited trill using several chip syllables. Opalescent markings inside mouth at corners. Ref: 7 (bna.309), 8, 9 Nest: open cup. Leave nest

F: 32.6(2.3) M: 30.6 (2.2) F: 28.4 (1.4 M: 28.6 (1.4) M: 21.1 (1.4)
Table 2.5 Guide to identification of representative hatchling and nestling songbirds: PINK TO RED MOUTHS. All have anisodactyl feet. 22.1 F: 20 (0.8) 21.4 (1.3)

Abbreviations: d: day, H: hatchling 1–3 days, N: nestling, Fl: fledgling, Juv: juvenile, F: female, M: male.
Species Mouth color Gape flanges Integument Tarsus/Toes Approx. Weight (g) Other Features and References
H to Fl Adult Mean Approx. Weight (g) d 7: 18.4–19.5
(SD) d 0: 2.8–3.3 Fl: 25–30 d 14: 27.5 d 0: 1.6–2.4 d 0: 1.5–1.8 d 5: 6.4–7.7 d 16: 18.8
Blue Jay Pink White, thin Down: none. Lavender gray d 0: 5.5 88 (5.8) Nest: open cup. Leave nest: d 14: 26 d 0: 2–3 d 6: 14
(Cyanocitta Skin: pink, darker by d 12: 58 17–21 d. Eyes partly open:
cristata) d 2. Tongue lavender d 21: 72 d 5, fully open d 11.
gray. Ref: 7 (bna.459), 9
Black‐billed Deep pink Pale pink to Down: none. d 0: 6.3 (est.) F: 66 (14.3) Nest: domed, mud cup and
Magpie to red white Skin: pink, turns d 9–15: 63–129 M: 89 (10.3) anchor. Leave nest: 24–30 d,
(Pica hudsonia) grayish and yellowish. Fl: 180.5 stay with parents for Short and chunky, Short and chunky,
6–8 wks. Eyes open: 7 d. Juv: legs brown pinkish to gray. pinkish to gray. Short, stocky legs
Ref: 7 (bna.389) Tarsus/Toes Weak until
American Crow Med pink White or Down: none to sparse. Pinkish at hatch, d 0: 15.6 (avg) F: 474 Nest: bulky cup. Leave nest: d 9. and feet.
(Corvus to red pinkish and Skin: pink then turns then grayish black, d 15–18: M: 538 28–35 d, fed up to 4 mos.
brachy‐rhynchos) small black by d 5–10. long and heavy. 210–255 Post–fledge. Eyes partly open:
Fl: 390 (avg) 5–6 d, fully open 10–13 d. Blue
eyes begin to turn gray at
about 60 d. Sounds: Weak at
Weights vary first, 4 d variety of churrs,
by region cheeaps, wa‐eeks, yumyumyum
when fed. d 3: yellow waxy tips on tail. Black “mask” long, brownish‐gray, areas. Rows of whitish down on head (2 rows on crown and a small row above each eye). Skin: pinkish yellow.
Ref: 7 (bna.647), 9 Skin: pink, darkens feathers last to Down: white, long tufts on head and wings, center of Skin: grayish or purplish‐black. Skin: pink to red. Light gray feather 6–10 hours after hatch, then darken. Down: fairly thick, shorter and lighter Down: abundant, white or grayish brown on all dorsal
Golden‐ Orange‐red Pale yellow Down: Few tufts of Large relative to d 0: < 1 F: 4.5 (7.8) Nest: pendulum. Leave nest: Integument Down: none. unsheathe. crown is bare. Down: none. tracts appear underparts. Skin: pinkish.
crowned gray down on head body size d 1: 1.5–2 M: 4.9 (7.7) 14–19 d, independent 15–17 d.
Kinglet and above eyes. Skin: Eyes partly open: 5 d, fully d 1.
(Regulus satrapa) pinkish skin. open 11 d. Sounds: tsip.
Ref: 7 (bna.301) Abbreviations: d: day, H: hatchling 1–3 days, N: nestling, Fl: fledgling, Juv: juvenile, F: female, M: male.
Gape flanges Creamy‐yellow, thin Yellow Varies white, then lemon yellow, prominent Very pale yellow Pale yellow at hatch, then yellower (cream at corners)

Mouth color Deep pink to bright red Pinkish‐ beige Pinkish, pinkish‐ yellow, or red Reddish‐ orange Pink, then dark pink to bright orange‐ red

Cedar Waxwing Phaino pepla (Phainopepla House Sparrow American Pipit House Finch (Haemorhous

Species (Bombycilla cedrorum) nitens) (Passer domesticus) (Anthus rubescens) mexicanus)

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